Display panel, display device, input/output device, and data processing device

ABSTRACT

A novel display panel that is highly convenient or reliable is provided. A pixel circuit includes a first switch, a node, a capacitor, and a second switch. The first switch includes a first terminal to which a first signal is supplied and a second terminal electrically connected to the node. The capacitor includes a first terminal electrically connected to the node and a second terminal electrically connected to the second switch. The second switch includes a first terminal to which a second signal is supplied and a second terminal electrically connected to the second terminal of the capacitor. In addition, the second switch has a function of changing from a non-conducting state to a conducting state when the first switch is in a non-conducting state and a function of changing from a conducting state to a non-conducting state when the first switch is in a non-conducting state. The display element performs display on the basis of a potential of the node.

TECHNICAL FIELD

One embodiment of the present invention relates to a display panel, adisplay device, an input/output device, or a data processing device.

Note that one embodiment of the present invention is not limited to theabove technical field. The technical field of one embodiment of theinvention disclosed in this specification and the like relates to anobject, a method, or a manufacturing method. One embodiment of thepresent invention relates to a process, a machine, manufacture, or acomposition of matter. Thus, more specifically, examples of thetechnical field of one embodiment of the present invention disclosed inthis specification include a semiconductor device, a display device, alight-emitting device, a power storage device, a memory device, adriving method thereof, and a manufacturing method thereof.

BACKGROUND ART

There is known a light-emitting device which includes a transistorincluding a first gate and a second gate overlapping with each otherwith a semiconductor film therebetween, a first capacitor maintaining apotential difference between one of a source and a drain of thetransistor and the first gate, a second capacitor maintaining apotential difference between one of the source and the drain of thetransistor and the second gate, a switch controlling a conduction statebetween the second gate of the transistor and a wiring, and alight-emitting element to which a drain current of the transistor issupplied (Patent Document 1).

REFERENCE Patent Document

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Published Patent Application No.2015-132816 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

An object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide anovel display panel that is highly convenient or reliable.Alternatively, an object is to provide a novel display device that ishighly convenient or reliable. Alternatively, an object is to provide anovel input/output device that is highly convenient or reliable.Alternatively, an object is to provide a novel data processing devicethat is highly convenient or reliable. Alternatively, an object is toprovide a novel display panel, a novel display device, a novelinput/output device, a novel data processing device, or a novelsemiconductor device.

Note that the description of these objects does not disturb theexistence of other objects. One embodiment of the present invention doesnot need to achieve all of these objects. Other objects will be apparentfrom and can be derived from the description of the specification, thedrawings, the claims, and the like.

Means for Solving the Problems

(1) One embodiment of the present invention is a display panel includinga pixel 702(i, j).

The pixel 702(i, j) includes a pixel circuit 530(i, j) and a displayelement 750(i, j).

The pixel circuit 530(i, j) includes a first switch SW11, a node N1(i,j), a capacitor C12, and a second switch SW12.

The first switch SW11 includes a first terminal to which a first signalis supplied, and the first switch SW11 includes a second terminalelectrically connected to the node N1(i, j).

The capacitor C12 includes a first terminal electrically connected tothe node N1(i, j).

The second switch SW12 includes a first terminal to which a secondsignal is supplied, and the second switch SW12 includes a secondterminal electrically connected to a second terminal of the capacitorC12. Furthermore, the second switch SW12 has a function of changing froma non-conducting state to a conducting state when the first switch SW11is in a non-conducting state, and the second switch SW12 has a functionof changing from a conducting state to a non-conducting state when thefirst switch SW11 is in a non-conducting state.

The display element 750(i, j) performs display on the basis of apotential VN of the node N1(i, j).

Thus, the potential of the node N1(i, j) can be controlled using thefirst switch SW11 and the second switch SW12. Alternatively, thepotential of the node N1(i, j) can be controlled using the first switchSW11 and can be changed using the second switch SW12. Alternatively, thechanging potential can be supplied to the display element 750(i, j).Alternatively, display can be performed in accordance with the changingpotential. Alternatively, the display of the display element 750(i, j)can be changed. Alternatively, an operation of the display element750(i, j) can be emphasized. Alternatively, the response of the displayelement 750(i, j) can be made faster. As a result, a novel display panelthat is highly convenient or reliable can be provided.

(2) Furthermore, one embodiment of the present invention is theabove-described display panel that includes a first driving portion GD.

The first driving portion GD supplies a first selection signal and asecond selection signal.

The first selection signal changes from a second level LV2 to a firstlevel LV1 in a period when the second selection signal is at a fourthlevel LV4, and the second selection signal changes from the fourth levelLV4 to a third level LV3 twice or more in a period when the firstselection signal is at the first level LV1.

The first switch SW11 is controlled on the basis of the first selectionsignal, the first switch SW11 is brought into a conducting state whenthe first selection signal is at the second level LV2, and the firstswitch SW11 is brought into a non-conducting state when the firstselection signal is at the first level LV1.

The second switch SW12 is controlled on the basis of the secondselection signal, the second switch SW12 is brought into a conductingstate when the second selection signal is at the fourth level LV4, andthe second switch SW12 is brought into a non-conducting state when thesecond selection signal is at the third level LV3.

Thus, the potential of the node N1(i, j) can be controlled using thefirst switch SW11. Alternatively, a change in the potential of the nodeN1(1, j) can be promoted or emphasized temporarily using the secondswitch SW12. As a result, a novel display panel that is highlyconvenient or reliable can be provided.

(3) Furthermore, one embodiment of the present invention is a displaypanel in which the above-described pixel circuit 530(i, j) includes afirst transistor.

The first transistor includes a first semiconductor film 508(1).

The first driving portion GD includes a second transistor MG. The secondtransistor MG includes a second semiconductor film 508(2), and thesecond semiconductor film 508(2) can be formed through the same processas that for forming the first semiconductor film 508(1).

Thus, the driving portion GD can be formed over a substrate over whichthe pixel circuit 530(i, j) is formed. Alternatively, the number ofcomponents of the display panel can be reduced. Alternatively, themanufacturing process of the display panel can be simplified. As aresult, a novel display panel that is highly convenient or reliable canbe provided.

(4) Furthermore, one embodiment of the present invention is theabove-described display panel that includes a second driving portion SD.

The second driving portion SD supplies the first signal and the secondsignal.

The second signal includes a first level LV5 and a second level LV6, thesecond signal changes from the first level LV5 to the second level LV6or from the second level LV6 to the first level LV5 when the firstselection signal is at the first level LV1 and the second selectionsignal is at the fourth level LV4.

The potential VN of the node N1(i, j) changes on the basis of apotential difference between the first level LV5 and the second levelLV6 and the first signal.

Thus, the potential of the node N1(i, j) can be controlled using thefirst signal and the second signal. Alternatively, the potential of thenode N1(i, j) can be determined using the first signal and can bechanged using the second signal. Alternatively, the potential of thenode N1(i, j) can be determined using the first signal and can betemporarily changed using the second signal. Alternatively, a change inthe potential of the node N1(i, j) can be emphasized using the secondsignal. Alternatively, the first signal and the first signal to whichthe potential difference between the first level LV5 and the secondlevel LV6 is added can be supplied to the display element. As a result,a novel display panel that is highly convenient or reliable can beprovided.

(5) Furthermore, one embodiment of the present invention is a displaypanel in which the above-described second driving portion SD includes afirst driver circuit DC21 and a second driver circuit DC22.

The first driver circuit DC21 generates the first signal, and the seconddriver circuit DC22 generates the second signal.

Thus, a conventional driver circuit can be used as the first drivercircuit DC21. Alternatively, the performance of the display panel can beimproved using the second driver circuit DC22 while the existingresources are utilized. Alternatively, it is possible to concentrate onthe development of the second driver circuit DC22. Alternatively, thedevelopment period can be shortened. Alternatively, the cost ofdevelopment can be saved. As a result, a novel display panel that ishighly convenient or reliable can be provided.

(6) Furthermore, one embodiment of the present invention is a displaypanel in which the above-described second driver circuit DC22 includes athird transistor MS.

The third transistor MS includes a third semiconductor film 508(3), andthe third semiconductor film 508(3) can be formed through the sameprocess as that for forming the first semiconductor film 508(1).

Thus, the driver circuit DC22 can be formed over the substrate overwhich the pixel circuit 530(i, j) is formed. Alternatively, the numberof components of the display panel can be reduced. Alternatively, themanufacturing process of the display panel can be simplified. As aresult, a novel display panel that is highly convenient or reliable canbe provided.

(7) Furthermore, one embodiment of the present invention is theabove-described display panel that includes a display region 231.

The display region 231 includes one group of pixels 702(i, 1) to 702(i,n), a different group of pixels 702(1, j) to 702(m, j), a first scanline G1(i), a second scan line G2(i), a first signal line S1(j), and asecond signal line S2(j).

The one group of pixels 702(i, 1) to 702(i, n) include the pixel 702(i,j), and the one group of pixels 702(i, 1) to 702(i, n) are provided in arow direction.

The different group of pixels 702(1, j) to 702(m, j) include the pixel702(i, j), and the different group of pixels 702(1, j) to 702(m, j) areprovided in a column direction that intersects the row direction.

The first scan line G1(i) is electrically connected to the one group ofpixels 702(i, 1) to 702(i, n), and the second scan line G2(i) iselectrically connected to the one group of pixels 702(i, 1) to 702(i,n).

The first signal line S1(j) is electrically connected to the differentgroup of pixels 702(1, j) to 702(m, j), and the second signal line S2(1)is electrically connected to the different group of pixels 702(1, j) to702(m, j).

Thus, image data can be supplied to a plurality of pixels.Alternatively, the second selection signal can be supplied on the rowbasis, independently of the first selection signal. Alternatively, thesecond signal can be supplied on the column basis, independently of thefirst signal. Alternatively, as a result, a novel display panel that ishighly convenient or reliable can be provided.

(8) Furthermore, one embodiment of the present invention is a displaypanel in which the above-described display region 231 is providedbetween the first driver circuit DC21 and the second driver circuitDC22.

The first signal line S1(j) is electrically connected to the firstdriver circuit DC21, and the second signal line S2(j) is electricallyconnected to the second driver circuit DC22.

Thus, the display region 231 can be closer to the first driver circuitDC21. Alternatively, the display region 231 can be closer to the firstdriver circuit DC22. Alternatively, degradation of the first signal canbe prevented. Alternatively, degradation of the second signal can beprevented. As a result, a novel display panel that is highly convenientor reliable can be provided.

(9) Furthermore, one embodiment of the present invention is theabove-described display panel in which the above-described seconddriving portion SD includes a third driver circuit DC23.

The third driver circuit DC23 generates the second signal.

The display region 231 is provided between the second driver circuitDC22 and the third driver circuit DC23.

The second signal line S2(j) is electrically connected to the thirddriver circuit DC23.

Thus, the load derived from the different group of pixels 702(1, j) to702(m, j) and the second signal line S2(j) can be divided between thesecond driver circuit DC22 and the third driver circuit DC23.Alternatively, the different group of pixels 702(1, j) to 702(m, j) andthe second signal line S2(j) can be driven using the second drivercircuit DC22 and the third driver circuit DC23. Alternatively, the timetaken for the potentials of the different group of pixels 702(1, j) to702(m, j) and the potential of the second signal line S2(j) to reach apredetermined value can be shortened. Alternatively, an operation can beperformed at high speed. Alternatively, as a result, a novel displaypanel that is highly convenient or reliable can be provided.

(10) Furthermore, one embodiment of the present invention is a displaydevice that includes the above-described display panel and a controlportion 238.

Image data V1 and control data CI are supplied to the control portion238, the control portion 238 generates data V11 on the basis of theimage data V1, the control portion 238 generates a control signal SP onthe basis of the control data CI, and the control portion 238 suppliesthe data V11 and the control signal SP.

The data V11 and the control signal SP are supplied to the displaypanel.

The first driving portion GD operates on the basis of the control signalSP, the second driving portion SD operates on the basis of the controlsignal SP, and the pixels perform display on the basis of the data V11.

Thus, the image data can be displayed using the display element. As aresult, a novel display device that is highly convenient or reliable canbe provided.

(11) Furthermore, one embodiment of the present invention is aninput/output device that includes an input portion 240 and a displayportion 230.

The display portion 230 includes the above-described display panel, andthe input portion 240 includes a sensing region 241.

The input portion 240 senses an object approaching the sensing region241, and the sensing region 241 includes a region overlapping with thepixel 702(i, j).

Thus, the object approaching the region overlapping with the displayportion can be sensed while image data is displayed using the displayportion. Alternatively, positional data can be input using a finger orthe like that approaches the display portion as a pointer.Alternatively, positional data can be associated with image datadisplayed on the display portion. As a result, a novel input/outputdevice that is highly convenient or reliable can be provided.

(12) Furthermore, one embodiment of the present invention is a dataprocessing device that includes one or more of a keyboard, a hardwarebutton, a pointing device, a touch sensor, an illuminance sensor, animaging device, an audio input device, an eye-gaze input device, and anattitude detection device, and the above-described display panel.

Although the block diagram in which components are classified by theirfunctions and shown as independent blocks is shown in the drawingsattached to this specification, it is difficult to completely divideactual components according to their functions and one component canrelate to a plurality of functions.

In this specification, the names of a source and a drain of a transistorinterchange with each other depending on the polarity of the transistorand the levels of potentials applied to the terminals. In general, in ann-channel transistor, a terminal to which a lower potential is appliedis called a source, and a terminal to which a higher potential isapplied is called a drain. In a p-channel transistor, a terminal towhich a lower potential is applied is called a drain, and a terminal towhich a higher potential is applied is called a source. In thisspecification, for the sake of convenience, the connection relation of atransistor is sometimes described assuming that the source and the drainare fixed; in reality, the names of the source and the drain interchangewith each other according to the above relation of the potentials.

In this specification, a source of a transistor means a source regionthat is part of a semiconductor film functioning as an active layer or asource electrode connected to the above-described semiconductor film.Similarly, a drain of a transistor means a drain region that is part ofthe above-described semiconductor film or a drain electrode connected tothe semiconductor film. Moreover, a gate means a gate electrode.

In this specification, a state in which transistors are connected inseries means, for example, a state in which only one of a source and adrain of a first transistor is connected to only one of a source and adrain of a second transistor. In addition, a state in which transistorsare connected in parallel means a state in which one of a source and adrain of a first transistor is connected to one of a source and a drainof a second transistor and the other of the source and the drain of thefirst transistor is connected to the other of the source and the drainof the second transistor.

In this specification, connection means electrical connection andcorresponds to a state in which a current, a voltage, or a potential canbe supplied or transmitted. Accordingly, a state of being connected doesnot necessarily mean a state of being directly connected and alsoincludes, in its category, a state of being indirectly connected througha circuit element such as a wiring, a resistor, a diode, or a transistorthat allows a current, a voltage, or a potential to be supplied ortransmitted.

In this specification, even when independent components are connected toeach other in a circuit diagram, there is actually a case where oneconductive film has functions of a plurality of components such as acase where part of a wiring functions as an electrode, for example.Connection in this specification also includes such a case where oneconductive film has functions of a plurality of components, in itscategory.

Furthermore, in this specification, one of a first electrode and asecond electrode of a transistor refers to a source electrode and theother refers to a drain electrode.

Effect of the Invention

With one embodiment of the present invention, a novel display panel thatis highly convenient or reliable can be provided. Alternatively, a noveldisplay device that is highly convenient or reliable can be provided.Alternatively, a novel input/output device that is highly convenient orreliable can be provided. Alternatively, a novel data processing devicethat is highly convenient or reliable can be provided. Alternatively, anovel display panel, a novel display device, a novel input/outputdevice, a novel data processing device, or a novel semiconductor devicecan be provided.

Note that the description of these effects does not disturb theexistence of other effects. One embodiment of the present invention doesnot need to have all of these effects. Other effects will be apparentfrom and be derived from the description of the specification, thedrawings, the claims, and the like.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 A block diagram and a timing chart showing a structure of adisplay panel of an embodiment.

FIG. 2 A timing chart showing a structure of a display panel of anembodiment.

FIG. 3 Block diagrams showing a structure of a display panel of anembodiment.

FIG. 4 A cross-sectional view and a circuit diagram showing a structureof a display panel of an embodiment.

FIG. 5 Cross-sectional views showing a structure of a display panel ofan embodiment.

FIG. 6 Cross-sectional views showing a structure of a display panel ofan embodiment.

FIG. 7 Cross-sectional views showing a structure of a display panel ofan embodiment.

FIG. 8 Circuit diagrams showing structures of a display panel of anembodiment.

FIG. 9 Views showing a display device of an embodiment.

FIG. 10 A view showing an input/output device of an embodiment.

FIG. 11 Views showing a data processing device of an embodiment.

FIG. 12 Views showing a data processing device of an embodiment.

FIG. 13 Views showing a data processing device of an embodiment.

FIG. 14 Views showing a data processing device of an embodiment.

FIG. 15 Views showing a data processing device of an embodiment.

MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

A display panel of one embodiment of the present invention includes thepixel 702(i, j), and the pixel 702(i, j) includes the pixel circuit530(i, j) and the display element 750(i, j). The pixel circuit 530(i, j)includes the first switch SW11, the node N1(i, j), the capacitor C12,the second switch and SW12. The first switch SW11 includes the firstterminal to which the first signal is supplied and the second terminalelectrically connected to the node N1(i, j). The capacitor C12 includesthe first terminal electrically connected to the node N1(i, j) and thesecond terminal electrically connected to the second switch SW12. Thesecond switch SW12 includes the first terminal to which the secondsignal is supplied. Furthermore, the second switch SW12 is in aconducting state when the first switch SW11 changes from a conductingstate to a non-conducting state, has a function of changing from anon-conducting state to a conducting state when the first switch SW11 isin a non-conducting state, and has a function of changing from aconducting state to a non-conducting state when the first switch SW11 isin a non-conducting state; and the display element 750(i, j) performsdisplay on the basis of the potential VN of the node N1(i, j).

Thus, the potential of the node N1(i, j) can be controlled using thefirst switch SW11 and the second switch SW12. Alternatively, thepotential of the node N1(i, j) can be controlled using the first switchSW11 and can be changed using the second switch SW12. Alternatively, thechanging potential can be supplied to the display element 750(i, j).Alternatively, display can be performed in accordance with the changingpotential. Alternatively, the display of the display element 750(i, j)can be changed. Alternatively, an operation of the display element750(i, j) can be emphasized. Alternatively, the response of the displayelement 750(i, j) can be made faster. As a result, a novel display panelthat is highly convenient or reliable can be provided.

Embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.Note that the present invention is not limited to the followingdescription, and it will be readily appreciated by those skilled in theart that modes and details of the present invention can be modified invarious ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the presentinvention. Thus, the present invention should not be construed as beinglimited to the description of the following embodiments. Note that instructures of the invention described below, the same portions orportions having similar functions are denoted by the same referencenumerals in different drawings, and a description thereof is notrepeated.

Embodiment 1

In this embodiment, a structure of a display panel of one embodiment ofthe present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG.7.

FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are views showing the structure of the display panelof one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1(A) is a top view ofthe display panel of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.1(B) is a timing chart showing signals. FIG. 2 is a timing chart showingsignals different from those in FIG. 1(B).

FIG. 3 is a view showing a structure of the display panel of oneembodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3(A) is a top view of thedisplay panel of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 3(B)and 3(C) are top views of pixels.

FIG. 4(A) is a cross-sectional view taken along a cutting plane lineX1-X2, a cutting plane line X3-X4, and a cutting plane line X9-X10 inFIG. 3(A). FIG. 4(B) is a circuit diagram showing a structure of a pixelcircuit included in the display panel.

FIG. 5(A) is a view showing a structure of the pixel of the displaypanel of one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5(B) is across-sectional view showing part of the pixel illustrated in FIG. 5(A).

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the cutting plane lineX1-X2 and the cutting plane line X3-X4 in FIG. 3(A). Furthermore, FIG.6(B) is a cross-sectional view showing part of the display panel shownin FIG. 6(A).

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the cutting plane lineX3-X4 and the cutting plane line X9-X10 in FIG. 3(A). FIG. 7(B) is across-sectional view showing part of the display panel shown in FIG.7(A).

FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram showing part of the structure of the drivercircuit of the display panel of one embodiment of the present invention.FIG. 8(B) is a circuit diagram showing a driver circuit having astructure different from that of the driver circuit shown in FIG. 8(A),and FIG. 8(C) is a circuit diagram showing a driver circuit having astructure different from that of the driver circuit shown in FIG. 8(A).

Note that in this specification, an integer variable of 1 or more issometimes used in reference numerals. For example, (p) where p is aninteger variable of 1 or more is sometimes used in part of a referencenumeral that specifies any of p components at a maximum. For anotherexample, (m, n) where m and n are each an integer variable of 1 or moreis sometimes used in part of a reference numeral that specifies any ofm×n components at a maximum.

<Structure Example 1 of Display Panel>

A display panel 700 described in this embodiment includes the pixel702(i, j) (see FIG. 1(A)).

<<Structure Example 1 of Pixel 702(i, j)>>

The pixel 702(i, j) includes the pixel circuit 530(i, j) and the displayelement 750(i, j) (see FIG. 4(A)).

<<Structure Example 1 of Pixel Circuit 530(i, j)>>

The pixel circuit 530(i, j) includes the switch SW11, the node N1(i, j),a capacitor C11, the capacitor C12, and the switch SW12 (see FIG. 4(B)).

<<Structure Example 1 of Switch SW11>>

The switch SW11 includes the first terminal to which the first signal issupplied. The switch SW11 also includes the second terminal electricallyconnected to the node N1(1, j). For example, a transistor can be used asthe switch SW11. One of a source electrode and a drain electrode of thetransistor can be used as the first terminal, and the other can be usedas the second terminal.

<<Structure Example 1 of Capacitor C12>>

The capacitor C12 includes the first terminal electrically connected tothe node N1(i, j). The capacitor C12 also includes the second terminalelectrically connected to the second terminal of the switch SW12.

<<Structure Example 1 of Switch SW12>>

The switch SW12 includes the first terminal to which the second signalis supplied. The switch SW12 also includes the second terminalelectrically connected to the second terminal of the capacitor C12. Forexample, a transistor can be used as the switch SW12. One of a sourceelectrode and a drain electrode of the transistor can be used as thefirst terminal, and the other can be used as the second terminal.

The switch SW12 has a function of changing from a non-conducting stateto a conducting state when the switch SW11 is in a non-conducting state.Furthermore, the switch SW12 has a function of changing from aconducting state to a non-conducting state when the switch SW11 is in anon-conducting state.

For example, the conduction state of the switch SW11 or the switch SW12,as which the transistor is used, can be controlled with the potential ofa gate electrode of the transistor.

<<Structure Example 1 of Capacitor C11>>

The capacitor C11 includes a first electrode electrically connected tothe switch SW11 and a second electrode electrically connected to awiring CSCOM.

<<Structure Example 1 of Display Element 750(i, j)>>

The display element 750(i, j) performs display on the basis of thepotential VN of the node N1(i, j).

Thus, the potential of the node N1(i, j) can be controlled using theswitch SW11 and the switch SW12. Alternatively, the potential of thenode N1(i, j) can be controlled using the switch SW11 and can be changedusing the switch SW12. Alternatively, the changing potential can besupplied to the display element 750(i, j). Alternatively, display can beperformed in accordance with the changing potential. Alternatively, thedisplay of the display element 750(i, j) can be changed. Alternatively,an operation of the display element 750(i, j) can be emphasized.Alternatively, the response of the display element 750(i, j) can be madefaster. As a result, a novel display panel that is highly convenient orreliable can be provided.

A transmissive liquid crystal display element can be used as the displayelement 750(i, j), for example. The display panel 700 has a function ofdisplaying an image by controlling transmission of light emitted by abacklight BL. Alternatively, a reflective liquid crystal display elementcan be used as the display element 750(i, j), for example. The use of areflective display element can suppress power consumption of the displaypanel. Alternatively, a light-emitting element whose luminance can becontrolled with the potential VN of the node N1(i, j) can be used as thedisplay element 750(1, j), for example. A light-emitting element whichis connected to one of a source electrode and a drain electrode ofanother transistor whose gate electrode is electrically connected to thenode N1(i, j) can be used as the display element 750(i, j), for example.Specifically, a light-emitting diode, an organic EL element, or the likecan be used as the display element 750(i, j). Using a light-emittingelement as the display element 750(i, j) can increase the luminanceimmediately after the start of the light emission. Alternatively,display can be performed with a high contrast. Alternatively, radiantimpression can be enhanced.

<<Structure Example of Liquid Crystal Element>>

For example, a liquid crystal element that can be driven by a drivingmethod such as an IPS (In-Plane-Switching) mode, a TN (Twisted Nematic)mode, an FFS (Fringe Field Switching) mode, an ASM (Axially Symmetricaligned Micro-cell) mode, an OCB (Optically Compensated Birefringence)mode, an FLC (Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal) mode, or an AFLC(AntiFerroelectric Liquid Crystal) mode can be used.

Furthermore, a liquid crystal element that can be driven by, forexample, a vertical alignment (VA) mode, specifically, a driving methodsuch as an MVA (Multi-Domain Vertical Alignment) mode, a PVA (PatternedVertical Alignment) mode, an ECB (Electrically Controlled Birefringence)mode, a CPA (Continuous Pinwheel Alignment) mode, or an ASV (AdvancedSuper-View) mode can be used.

<<Structure Example 2 of Display Element 750(i, j)>>

The display element 750(i, j) includes an electrode 751(i, j), anelectrode 752, and a layer 753 containing a liquid crystal material (seeFIG. 5(A)).

The electrode 751(i, j) is electrically connected to the pixel circuit530(i, j) at a connection portion 591A.

The electrode 752 is provided such that an electric field that controlsthe alignment of the liquid crystal material is formed between theelectrode 752 and the electrode 751(i, j).

The display element 750(i, j) includes an alignment film AF1 and analignment film AF2.

<<Layer 753 Containing Liquid Crystal Material>>

The layer 753 containing a liquid crystal material includes a regionsandwiched between the alignment film AF1 and the alignment film AF2.

For example, a liquid crystal material having a resistivity of greaterthan or equal to 1.0×10¹³ Ω·cm, preferably greater than or equal to1.0×10¹⁴ Ω·cm, further preferably greater than or equal to 1.0×10¹⁵ Ω·cmcan be used for the layer 753 containing a liquid crystal material. Thiscan suppress a variation in the transmittance of the display element750(i, j). Furthermore, flickering of the display element 750(i, j) canbe suppressed. Furthermore, the rewriting frequency of the displayelement 750(i, j) can be reduced.

<<Structure Body KB1>>

A structure body KB1 has a function of providing a predetermined spacebetween a functional layer 520 and a substrate 770.

<<Functional Layer 720>>

A functional layer 720 includes a coloring film CF1, an insulating film771, and a light-blocking film BM.

The coloring film CF1 includes a region sandwiched between the substrate770 and the display element 750(i, j).

The light-blocking film BM includes an opening portion in a regionoverlapping with the pixel 702(i, j).

The insulating film 771 includes a region sandwiched between thecoloring film CF1 and the layer 753 containing a liquid crystal materialor a region sandwiched between the light-blocking film BM and the layer753 containing a liquid crystal material. Thus, unevenness due to thethickness of the coloring film CF1 can be planarized. Moreover,diffusion of impurities from the light-blocking film BM, the coloringfilm CF1, or the like into the layer 753 containing a liquid crystalmaterial can be suppressed.

<<Functional Film 770P, Functional Film 770D, and the Like>>

A functional film 770P includes a region overlapping with the displayelement 750(i, j). Furthermore, the functional film 770D includes aregion overlapping with the display element 750(i, j).

An anti-reflection film, a polarizing film, a retardation film, a lightdiffusion film, a condensing film, or the like can be used as thefunctional film 770P or the functional film 770D, for example.

Specifically, a circularly polarizing film can be used as the functionalfilm 770P. Furthermore, a light diffusion film can be used as thefunctional film 770D.

Furthermore, an antistatic film suppressing the attachment of a dust, awater repellent film suppressing the attachment of a stain, anantireflective film (anti-reflection film), a non-glare film (anti-glarefilm), a hard coat film suppressing generation of a scratch in use, orthe like can be used as the functional film 770P.

<Structure Example 2 of Display Panel>

The display panel 700 described in this embodiment includes the drivingportion GD (see FIG. 1(A)).

<<Structure Example 1 of Driving Portion GD>>

The driving portion GD supplies the first selection signal and thesecond selection signal.

For example, the driving portion GD can supply the first selectionsignal to the scan line G1(i) and supply the second selection signal tothe scan line G2(i). In this embodiment, a structure of the firstselection signal is described using a change in the potential of thescan line G1(i), and a structure of the second selection signal isdescribed using a change in the potential of the scan line G2(i).

<<Structure Example 1 of First Selection Signal>>

The first selection signal changes from the level LV2 to the level LV1in a period when the second selection signal is at the level LV4 (seeFIG. 1(B)).

For example, the second selection signal is at the level LV4 in a periodfrom Time T11 to Time T15 and a period from Time T21 to Time T25. Thefirst selection signal changes from the level LV2 to the level LV1 atTime T13 and Time T23.

<<Structure Example 1 of Second Selection Signal>>

The second selection signal changes from the level LV4 to the level LV3twice or more in a period when the first selection signal is at thelevel LV1.

For example, the first selection signal is at the level LV1 in a periodfrom Time T13 to Time T21. The second selection signal changes from thelevel LV4 to the level LV3 at Time T15 and Time T18. Furthermore, thefirst selection signal is at the level LV1 in a period from Time T23 toTime T29. The second selection signal changes from the level LV4 to thelevel LV3 at Time T25 and Time T28.

Although a case where a potential higher than the potential of the levelLV1 is used as the level LV2 and a potential higher than the potentialof the level LV3 is used as the level LV4 is described in thisembodiment, the combination of the level LV1 to the level LV4 is notlimited thereto.

<<Structure Example 2 of Switch SW11>>

The switch SW11 is controlled on the basis of the first selectionsignal, and the switch SW11 selects a conducting state when the firstselection signal is at the level LV2.

The switch SW11 is brought into a non-conducting state when the firstselection signal is at the level LV1.

For example, a transistor can be used as the switch SW11. The conductionstate of the transistor can be controlled by the control of thepotential of a gate electrode of the transistor with the use of thefirst selection signal.

Specifically, a transistor having n-channel type operationcharacteristics is used as the switch SW11, and the level LV1 is set ata low potential so that a potential difference V_(gs) between a sourceelectrode and a gate electrode of the transistor can become sufficientlylower than its threshold voltage. Furthermore, the level LV2 is set at ahigh potential so that the potential difference V_(gs) can becomesufficiently higher than the threshold voltage.

<<Structure Example 2 of Switch SW12>>

The switch SW12 is controlled on the basis of the second selectionsignal, and the switch SW12 selects a conducting state when the secondselection signal is at the level LV4.

The switch SW12 is brought into a non-conducting state when the secondselection signal is at the level LV3.

For example, a transistor can be used as the switch SW12. The conductionstate of the transistor can be controlled by the control of thepotential of a gate electrode of the transistor with the use of thesecond selection signal. Specifically, a transistor having n-channeltype operation characteristics is used as the switch SW12, the level LV3is set lower than a threshold voltage of the transistor, and the levelLV4 is set higher than the threshold voltage of the transistor.

Thus, the potential of the node N1(i, j) can be controlled using theswitch SW11. Alternatively, a change in the potential of the node N1(1,j) can be promoted or emphasized temporarily using the switch SW12.Alternatively, for example, what is called overdriving is possible inthe case where a liquid crystal display element is used as the displayelement 750(i, j). Alternatively, the operation of the liquid crystaldisplay element can be made faster. As a result, a novel display panelthat is highly convenient or reliable can be provided.

<<Structure Example 2 of Pixel Circuit 530(i, j)>>

The pixel circuit 530(i, j) of the display panel 700 described in thisembodiment includes a transistor. The transistor includes thesemiconductor film 508(1). For example, the transistor can be used asthe switch SW11 or the switch SW12 (see FIG. 4(B), FIG. 5(A), and FIG.5(B)).

<<Structure Example 2 of Driving Portion GD>>

The driving portion GD includes the transistor MG. Furthermore, thetransistor MG includes the semiconductor film 508(2) (see FIG. 6(A) andFIG. 6(B)). The semiconductor film 508(2) can be formed through the sameprocess as that for forming the semiconductor film 508(1).

Thus, the driving portion GD can be formed over the substrate over whichthe pixel circuit 530(i, j) is formed. Alternatively, the number ofcomponents of the display panel 700 can be reduced. Alternatively, themanufacturing process of the display panel 700 can be simplified. As aresult, a novel display panel that is highly convenient or reliable canbe provided.

<<Structure Example 1 of Semiconductor Film 508(1)>>

A semiconductor containing a Group 14 element can be used for thesemiconductor film 508(1), for example. Specifically, a semiconductorcontaining silicon can be used for the semiconductor film 508(1).

[Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon]

For example, hydrogenated amorphous silicon can be used for thesemiconductor film 508(1). Alternatively, microcrystalline silicon orthe like can be used for the semiconductor film 508(1). Thus, a displaypanel having less display unevenness than a display panel that usespolysilicon for the semiconductor film 508(1), for example, can beprovided. Alternatively, the size of the display panel can be easilyincreased.

[Polysilicon]

For example, polysilicon can be used for the semiconductor film 508(1).In this case, for example, the field-effect mobility of the transistorcan be higher than that of a transistor that uses hydrogenated amorphoussilicon for the semiconductor film 508(1). Alternatively, for example,the driving capability can be higher than that of a transistor that useshydrogenated amorphous silicon for the semiconductor film 508(1).Alternatively, for example, the aperture ratio of the pixel can behigher than that in the case of a transistor using hydrogenatedamorphous silicon for the semiconductor film 508(1).

Alternatively, for example, the reliability of the transistor can behigher than that of a transistor that uses hydrogenated amorphoussilicon for the semiconductor film 508(1).

Alternatively, the temperature required for manufacture of thetransistor can be lower than that required for a transistor that usessingle crystal silicon, for example.

Alternatively, the semiconductor film used for the transistor in thedriver circuit can be formed in the same process as the semiconductorfilm used for the transistor in the pixel circuit. Alternatively, thedriver circuit can be formed over the same substrate over which thepixel circuit is formed. Alternatively, the number of componentsincluded in an electronic device can be reduced.

[Single Crystal Silicon]

For example, single crystal silicon can be used for the semiconductorfilm 508(1). In this case, for example, the resolution can be higherthan that of a display panel using hydrogenated amorphous silicon forthe semiconductor film 508(1). Alternatively, for example, a displaypanel having less display unevenness than a display panel that usespolysilicon for the semiconductor film 508(1) can be provided.Alternatively, for example, smart glasses or a head mounted display canbe provided.

<<Structure Example 2 of Semiconductor Film 508(1)>>

For example, a metal oxide can be used for the semiconductor film508(1). Thus, a pixel circuit can hold an image signal for a longer timethan a pixel circuit utilizing a transistor that uses amorphous siliconfor a semiconductor film. Specifically, a selection signal can besupplied at a frequency of lower than 30 Hz, preferably lower than 1 Hz,further preferably less than once per minute with the suppressedoccurrence of flickers. Consequently, fatigue accumulation in a user ofa data processing device can be reduced. Moreover, power consumption fordriving can be reduced.

A transistor using an oxide semiconductor can be used, for example.Specifically, an oxide semiconductor containing indium or an oxidesemiconductor containing indium, gallium, and zinc can be used for thesemiconductor film.

A transistor having a lower leakage current in an off state than atransistor using amorphous silicon in a semiconductor film can be used,for example. Specifically, a transistor using an oxide semiconductor ina semiconductor film can be used.

A 25-nm-thick film containing indium, gallium, and zinc can be used asthe semiconductor film 508(1), for example.

A conductive film in which a 10-nm-thick film containing tantalum andnitrogen and a 300-nm-thick film containing copper are stacked can beused as the conductive film 504, for example. Note that the filmcontaining copper includes a region; between the region and theinsulating film 506 the film containing tantalum and nitrogen issandwiched.

A stacked-layer film in which a 400-nm-thick film containing silicon andnitrogen and a 200-nm-thick film containing silicon, oxygen, andnitrogen are stacked can be used for the insulating film 506, forexample. Note that the film containing silicon and nitrogen includes aregion; between the region and the semiconductor film 508(1) the filmcontaining silicon, oxygen, and nitrogen is sandwiched.

A conductive film in which a 50-nm-thick film containing tungsten, a400-nm-thick film containing aluminum, and a 100-nm-thick filmcontaining titanium are stacked in this order can be used as theconductive film 512A or the conductive film 512B, for example. Note thatthe film containing tungsten includes a region in contact with thesemiconductor film 508(1).

A manufacturing line for a bottom-gate transistor that uses amorphoussilicon as a semiconductor can be easily remodeled into a manufacturingline for a bottom-gate transistor that uses an oxide semiconductor as asemiconductor, for example. Furthermore, for example, a manufacturingline for a top-gate transistor that uses polysilicon as a semiconductorcan be easily remodeled into a manufacturing line for a top-gatetransistor that uses an oxide semiconductor as a semiconductor. Ineither remodeling, an existing manufacturing line can be effectivelyutilized.

This can suppress flickering. Alternatively, the power consumption canbe reduced. Alternatively, a moving image with quick movements can besmoothly displayed. Alternatively, a photograph and the like can bedisplayed with a wide range of grayscale. As a result, a novel displaypanel that is highly convenient or reliable can be provided.

<<Structure Example 3 of Semiconductor Film 508(1)>>

For example, a compound semiconductor can be used as the semiconductorof the transistor. Specifically, a semiconductor containing galliumarsenide can be used.

For example, an organic semiconductor can be used as the semiconductorof the transistor. Specifically, an organic semiconductor containingpolyacene or graphene can be used for a semiconductor film.

<Structure Example 3 of Display Panel>

The display panel 700 described in this embodiment includes the drivingportion SD (see FIG. 1(A)).

<<Structure Example 1 of Driving Portion SD>>

The driving portion SD supplies the first signal and the second signal.

For example, the driving portion SD can supply the first signal to thesignal line S1(j) and supply the second signal to the signal line S2(j).In this embodiment, a structure of the first signal is described using achange in the potential of the signal line S1(j), and a structure of thesecond signal is described using a change in the potential of the signalline S2(j).

<<Structure Example 1 of First Signal>>

For example, a signal generated on the basis of image data can be usedas the first signal. Specifically, a signal having its amplitude centerat a potential VCOM can be used as the first signal (see FIG. 1(B)).

For example, a signal which alternates between a period when a potentialhigher than or equal to the potential VCOM is used and a period when apotential lower than or equal to the potential VCOM is used can be usedas the first signal. Specifically, a signal whose polarity with respectto the potential VCOM is inverted in synchronization with the firstselection signal can be used as the first signal.

For example, data displayed on the pixel 702(i, j) is supplied using thepotential higher than or equal to the potential VCOM in a period fromTime T11 to Time T13, and data displayed on a pixel 702(i+1, j) issupplied using the potential lower than or equal to the potential VCOMin a period from Time T13 to Time T15.

Thus, data can be supplied in such a way that the polarity is invertedon the row basis.

<<Structure Example 1 of Second Signal>>

The second signal includes the level LV5 and the level LV6 (see FIG.1(B)).

The second signal changes from the level LV5 to the level LV6 or fromthe level LV6 to the level LV5 when the first selection signal is at thelevel LV1 and the second selection signal is at the level LV4.

For example, at Time T14 when the first selection signal is at the levelLV1 and the second selection signal is at the level LV4, the secondsignal changes from the level LV5 to the level LV6. Furthermore, at TimeT17, the second signal changes from the level LV6 to the level LV5.

Furthermore, for example, at Time T24 when the first selection signal isat the level LV1 and the second selection signal is at the level LV4,the second signal changes from the level LV6 to the level LV5. Moreover,at Time T27, the second signal changes from the level LV5 to the levelLV6.

For example, a signal which alternately becomes the level LV6 and thelevel LV5 in synchronization with the period when the potential higherthan or equal to the potential VCOM is used as the first signal and theperiod when the potential lower than or equal to the potential VCOM isused as the first signal can be used as the second signal.

<<Potential VN of Node N1(i, j)>>

The potential VN of the node N1(1, j) changes on the basis of apotential difference AV between the level LV5 and the level LV6 and thefirst signal.

For example, the potential VN of the node N1(i, j) changes on the basisof the first signal in a period from Time T11 to Time T13. Furthermore,in a period from Time T14 to Time T17, it changes on the basis of thepotential difference AV and the first signal. In addition, in a periodfrom Time T17 to Time T19, it changes on the basis of the first signal.

Furthermore, for example, the potential VN of the node N1(i, j) changeson the basis of the first signal in a period from Time T21 to Time T23.Furthermore, the potential VN changes on the basis of the potentialdifference AV and the first signal in a period from Time T24 to TimeT27. Moreover, the potential VN changes on the basis of the first signalin a period from Time T27 to Time T29.

Thus, the potential of the node N1(i, j) can be controlled using thefirst signal and the second signal. Alternatively, the potential of thenode N1(i, j) can be determined using the first signal and can bechanged using the second signal. Alternatively, the potential of thenode N1(1, j) can be determined using the first signal and can betemporarily changed using the second signal. Alternatively, a change inthe potential of the node N1(i, j) can be emphasized using the secondsignal. Alternatively, the first signal and the first signal to whichthe potential difference between the first level LV5 and the secondlevel LV6 is added can be supplied to the display element. As a result,a novel display panel that is highly convenient or reliable can beprovided.

Furthermore, the potential VN changes on the basis of the potentialdifference AV and the following formula. Note that V_(DATA) in theformula is the potential of the first signal, Cu is the capacitance ofthe capacitor C11, and C12 is the capacitance of the capacitor C12.

[Formula  1]                                       $\begin{matrix}{{VN} = {V_{DATA} + {\left( \frac{C_{12}}{C_{11} + C_{12}} \right) \times \Delta \; V}}} & (1)\end{matrix}$

<<Structure Example 2 of Second Signal>>

The second signal changes from the level LV5 to the level LV6 or fromthe level LV6 to the level LV5 when the first selection signal is at thelevel LV1 and the second selection signal is at the level LV4 (see FIG.2).

For example, at Time T34 when the first selection signal is at the levelLV1 and the second selection signal is at the level LV4, the secondsignal changes from the level LV5 to the level LV6.

Moreover, for example, at Time T24 when the first selection signal is atthe level LV1 and the second selection signal is at the level LV4, thesecond signal changes from the level LV6 to the level LV5.

For example, a signal which alternately becomes the level LV6 and thelevel LV5 in synchronization with the period when the potential higherthan or equal to the potential VCOM is used as the first signal and theperiod when the potential lower than or equal to the potential VCOM isused as the first signal can be used as the second signal.

<<Potential VN of Node N1(i, j)>>

The potential VN of the node N1(i, j) changes on the basis of thepotential difference AV between the level LV5 and the level LV6 and thefirst signal.

For example, the potential VN of the node N1(i, j) changes on the basisof the first signal in a period from Time T31 to Time T33. Furthermore,in a period from Time T34 to Time T41, it changes on the basis of thepotential difference AV and the first signal.

Furthermore, for example, the potential VN of the node N1(i, j) changeson the basis of the first signal in a period from Time T41 to Time T42.Furthermore, the potential VN changes on the basis of the potentialdifference AV and the first signal in one frame period after Time T44.

Thus, the potential of the node N1(i, j) can be controlled using thefirst signal and the second signal. Alternatively, the potential of thenode N1(i, j) can be adjusted using the first signal, and a basicpotential can be added thereto using the second signal. Alternatively, apotential at which the transmittance of a liquid crystal element startsto change can be used as the second potential. As a result, a noveldisplay panel that is highly convenient or reliable can be provided.

<Structure Example 2 of Driving Portion SD>

The driving portion SD of the display panel 700 described in thisembodiment includes the driver circuit DC21 and the driver circuit DC22(see FIG. 1(A)).

<<Structure Example 1 of Driver Circuit DC21>>

The driver circuit DC21 generates the first signal.

<<Structure Example 1 of driver circuit DC22>>

The driver circuit DC22 generates the second signal.

For example, a circuit which supplies the level LV5 or the level LV6 onthe basis of the control signal SP can be used as the driver circuitDC22 (see FIG. 8(A) and FIG. 8(B)).

Thus, a conventional driver circuit can be used as the first drivercircuit DC21. Alternatively, the performance of the display panel 700can be improved using the second driver circuit DC22 while the existingresources are utilized. Alternatively, it is possible to concentrate onthe development of the second driver circuit DC22. Alternatively, thedevelopment period can be shortened. Alternatively, the cost ofdevelopment can be saved. As a result, a novel display panel that ishighly convenient or reliable can be provided.

For example, the driver circuit DC22 can supply the level LV6 to asignal line S2(j+1) when supplying the level LV5 to the signal lineS2(j) (see FIG. 8(A) or FIG. 8(B)). Furthermore, the driver circuit DC22can supply the level LV5 to the signal line S2(j+1) when supplying thelevel LV6 to the signal line S2(j). In this manner, signals whosepolarities are inverted alternately can be supplied to a plurality ofpixels provided in the row direction (the direction indicated by anarrow R1 in the drawing).

Furthermore, for example, the driver circuit DC22 can supply the levelLV5 to the signal line S2(j+1) when supplying the level LV5 to thesignal line S2(j) (see FIG. 8(C)). In addition, the driver circuit DC22can supply the level LV5 to the signal line S2(j+1) when supplying thelevel LV5 to the signal line S2(j). In this manner, signals having thesame polarity can be supplied to a plurality of pixels provided in therow direction.

<Structure Example 2 of Driver Circuit DC22>

Moreover, the driver circuit DC22 of the display panel 700 described inthis embodiment includes the transistor MS (see FIG. 7(A) and FIG.7(C)). Furthermore, the transistor MS includes the semiconductor film508(3).

The semiconductor film 508(3) can be formed through the same process asthat for forming the semiconductor film 508(1).

Thus, the driver circuit DC22 can be formed over the substrate overwhich the pixel circuit 530(i, j) is formed. Alternatively, the numberof components of the display panel 700 can be reduced. Alternatively,the manufacturing process of the display panel 700 can be simplified. Asa result, a novel display panel that is highly convenient or reliablecan be provided.

<Structure Example 4 of Display Panel>

Moreover, the display panel 700 described in this embodiment includesthe display region 231 (see FIG. 1(A)).

<<Structure Example 1 of Display Region 231>>

The display region 231 includes the one group of pixels 702(i, 1) to702(i, n), the different group of pixels 702(1, j) to 702(m, j), thescan line G1(i), the scan line G2(i), the signal line S1(j), and thesignal line S2(j).

<<Structure Example 1 of One Group of Pixels 702(i, 1) to 702(i, n)>>

The one group of pixels 702(i, 1) to 702(i, n) include the pixel 702(i,j). Furthermore, the one group of pixels 702(i, 1) to 702(i, n) areprovided in the row direction (the direction indicated by the arrow R1in the drawing).

<<Structure Example 1 of Different Group of Pixels 702(1, j) to 702(m,j)>>

The different group of pixels 702(1, j) to 702(m, j) include the pixel702(i, j). Furthermore, the different group of pixels 702(1, j) to702(m, j) are provided in the column direction that intersects the rowdirection (the direction indicated by an arrow C1 in the drawing).

<<Structure Example 1 of Scan Line G1(i)>>

The scan line G1(i) is electrically connected to the one group of pixels702(i, 1) to 702(i, n).

<<Structure Example 1 of Scan Line G2(i)>>

The scan line G2(i) is electrically connected to the one group of pixels702(i, 1) to 702(i, n).

<<Structure Example 1 of Signal Line S1(j)>>

The signal line S1(j) is electrically connected to the different groupof pixels 702(1, j) to 702(m, j).

<<Structure Example 1 of Signal Line S2(j)>>

The signal line S2(j) is electrically connected to the different groupof pixels 702(1, j) to 702(m, j).

Thus, image data can be supplied to a plurality of pixels.Alternatively, the second selection signal can be supplied on the rowbasis, independently of the first selection signal. Alternatively, thesecond signal can be supplied on the column basis, independently of thefirst signal. As a result, a novel display panel that is highlyconvenient or reliable can be provided.

<<Structure Example 2 of Display Region 231>>

The display region 231 includes 7600 or more pixels in the row directionand 4300 or more pixels in the column direction. For example, 7680pixels are provided in the row direction and 4320 pixels are provided inthe column direction. Thus, what is called a 8K television can beprovided. Alternatively, the display region 231 includes 3800 or morepixels in the row direction and 900 or more pixels in the columndirection. For example, 3840 pixels are provided in the row directionand 1000 pixels are provided in the column direction. Thus, what iscalled a 4K television can be provided.

Thus, for example, overdriving of pixels of a display panel which has alarger number of pixels than a high-definition television such as a 4Ktelevision or a 8K television is possible. Alternatively, overdriving ofpixels of a display panel which has a shorter data writing time than ahigh-definition television is possible.

<Structure Example 5 of Display Panel>

The display region 231 includes the pixel 702(i, j), a pixel 702(i,j+1), and a pixel 702(i, j+2) (see FIG. 3(C)).

The pixel 702(i, j) displays a color that has a chromaticity x ofgreater than 0.680 and less than or equal to 0.720 and a chromaticity yof greater than or equal to 0.260 and less than or equal to 0.320 in theCIE 1931 chromaticity coordinates.

The pixel 702(i, j+1) displays a color that has a chromaticity x ofgreater than or equal to 0.130 and less than or equal to 0.250 and achromaticity y of greater than 0.710 and less than or equal to 0.810 inthe CIE 1931 chromaticity coordinates.

The pixel 702(i, j+2) displays a color that has a chromaticity x ofgreater than or equal to 0.120 and less than or equal to 0.170 and achromaticity y of greater than or equal to 0.020 and less than 0.060 inthe CIE 1931 chromaticity coordinates.

The pixel 702(i, j), the pixel 702(i, j+1), and the pixel 702(i, j+2)are provided so that the area ratio of their color gamut to the BT.2020color gamut in the CIE chromaticity diagram (x,y) is higher than orequal to 80%, or alternatively, the color gamut coverage is higher thanor equal to 75%. Preferably, they are provided so that the area ratio ishigher than or equal to 90%, or alternatively, the coverage is higherthan or equal to 85%.

<Structure Example 6 of Display Panel>

The display region 231 of the display panel 700 described in thisembodiment is provided between the driver circuit DC21 and the drivercircuit DC22 (see FIG. 1(A)).

<<Structure Example 1 of Signal Line S1(j)>>

The signal line S1(j) is electrically connected to the driver circuitDC21.

<<Structure Example 1 of Signal Line S2(j)>>

The signal line S2(j) is electrically connected to the driver circuitDC22.

Thus, the display region 231 can be closer to the first driver circuitDC21. Alternatively, the display region 231 can be closer to the firstdriver circuit DC22. Alternatively, degradation of the first signal canbe prevented. Alternatively, degradation of the second signal can beprevented. As a result, a novel display panel that is highly convenientor reliable can be provided.

<Structure Example 7 of Display Panel>

The second driving portion SD of the display panel 700 described in thisembodiment includes the third driver circuit DC23 (see FIG. 1(A)).

<<Structure Example 1 of Driver Circuit DC23>>

The driver circuit DC23 generates the second signal.

<<Structure Example 3 of Display Region 231>>

The display region 231 is provided between the driver circuit DC22 andthe driver circuit DC23.

<<Structure Example 2 of Signal Line S2(j)>>

The signal line S2(j) is electrically connected to the driver circuitDC22 and the driver circuit DC23.

Thus, the load derived from the different group of pixels 702(1, j) to702(m, j) and the signal line S2(j) can be divided between the seconddriver circuit DC22 and the third driver circuit DC23. Alternatively,the different group of pixels 702(1, j) to 702(m, j) and the signal lineS2(j) can be driven using the second driver circuit DC22 and the thirddriver circuit DC23. Alternatively, the time taken for the potentials ofthe different group of pixels 702(1, j) to 702(m, j) and the potentialof the signal line S2(j) to reach a predetermined value can beshortened. Alternatively, an operation can be performed at high speed.As a result, a novel display panel that is highly convenient or reliablecan be provided.

Note that this embodiment can be combined with other embodiments in thisspecification as appropriate.

Embodiment 2

Described in this embodiment is a metal oxide that can be used for asemiconductor film of a transistor disclosed in one embodiment of thepresent invention. Note that in the case where a metal oxide is used fora semiconductor film of a transistor, the metal oxide may be rephrasedas an oxide semiconductor.

Oxide semiconductors are classified into a single crystal oxidesemiconductor and a non-single-crystal oxide semiconductor. Examples ofthe non-single-crystal oxide semiconductor include a CAAC-OS(c-axis-aligned crystalline oxide semiconductor), a polycrystallineoxide semiconductor, an nc-OS (nanocrystalline oxide semiconductor), anamorphous-like oxide semiconductor (a-like OS), and an amorphous oxidesemiconductor.

An example of the non-single-crystal oxide semiconductor is an oxidesemiconductor called a semi-crystalline oxide semiconductor. Thesemi-crystalline oxide semiconductor has an intermediate structurebetween the single crystal oxide semiconductor and the amorphous oxidesemiconductor. The structure of the semi-crystalline oxide semiconductoris more stable than that of the amorphous oxide semiconductor. Anexample of the semi-crystalline oxide semiconductor is an oxidesemiconductor having a CAAC structure and a CAC (Cloud-AlignedComposite) composition. The details of the CAC will be described below.

A CAC-OS (Cloud-Aligned Composite oxide semiconductor) may be used for asemiconductor film of a transistor disclosed in one embodiment of thepresent invention.

The aforementioned non-single-crystal oxide semiconductor or CAC-OS canbe suitably used for a semiconductor film of a transistor disclosed inone embodiment of the present invention. As the non-single-crystal oxidesemiconductor, the nc-OS or the CAAC-OS can be suitably used.

In one embodiment of the present invention, a CAC-OS is preferably usedfor a semiconductor film of a transistor. The use of the CAC-OS allowsthe transistor to have high electrical characteristics or highreliability.

The CAC-OS will be described in detail below.

A CAC-OS or a CAC-metal oxide has a conducting function in a part of thematerial and has an insulating function in a part of the material andhas a function of a semiconductor as a whole. Note that in the casewhere the CAC-OS or the CAC-metal oxide is used in a channel formationregion of a transistor, the conducting function is to allow electrons(or holes) serving as carriers to flow, and the insulating function isto not allow electrons serving as carriers to flow. By the complementaryaction of the conducting function and the insulating function, theCAC-OS or the CAC-metal oxide can have a switching function (On/Offfunction). In the CAC-OS or the CAC-metal oxide, separation of thefunctions can maximize each function.

Furthermore, the CAC-OS or the CAC-metal oxide includes conductiveregions and insulating regions. The conductive regions have theabove-described conducting function, and the insulating regions have theabove-described insulating function. Furthermore, in some cases, theconductive regions and the insulating regions in the material areseparated at the nanoparticle level. Furthermore, in some cases, theconductive regions and the insulating regions are unevenly distributedin the material. Furthermore, the conductive regions are observed to becoupled in a cloud-like manner with their boundaries blurred, in somecases.

Furthermore, in the CAC-OS or the CAC-metal oxide, the conductiveregions and the insulating regions each have a size greater than orequal to 0.5 nm and less than or equal to 10 nm, preferably greater thanor equal to 0.5 nm and less than or equal to 3 nm, and are dispersed inthe material, in some cases.

Furthermore, the CAC-OS or the CAC-metal oxide includes componentshaving different bandgaps. For example, the CAC-OS or the CAC-metaloxide includes a component having a wide gap due to the insulatingregion and a component having a narrow gap due to the conductive region.When carriers flow in this composition, carriers mainly flow in thecomponent having a narrow gap. Furthermore, the component having anarrow gap complements the component having a wide gap, and carriersalso flow in the component having a wide gap in conjunction with thecomponent having a narrow gap. Therefore, in the case where theabove-described CAC-OS or CAC-metal oxide is used in a channel formationregion of a transistor, the transistor in the on state can achieve highcurrent drive capability, that is, a high on-state current and highfield-effect mobility.

In other words, the CAC-OS or the CAC-metal oxide can also be called amatrix composite or a metal matrix composite.

A CAC-OS refers to one composition of a material in which elementsconstituting a metal oxide are unevenly distributed with a size greaterthan or equal to 0.5 nm and less than or equal to 10 nm, preferablygreater than or equal to 1 nm and less than or equal to 2 nm, or asimilar size, for example. Note that a state in which one or more metalelements are unevenly distributed and regions including the metalelement(s) are mixed with a size greater than or equal to 0.5 nm andless than or equal to 10 nm, preferably greater than or equal to 1 nmand less than or equal to 2 nm, or a similar size in a metal oxide ishereinafter referred to as a mosaic pattern or a patch-like pattern.

Note that the metal oxide preferably contains at least indium. It isparticularly preferable that the metal oxide contain indium and zinc. Inaddition to them, one kind or a plurality of kinds selected fromaluminum, gallium, yttrium, copper, vanadium, beryllium, boron, silicon,titanium, iron, nickel, germanium, zirconium, molybdenum, lanthanum,cerium, neodymium, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, magnesium, and the likemay be contained.

For instance, a CAC-OS in an In—Ga—Zn oxide (an In—Ga—Zn oxide in theCAC-OS may be particularly referred to as CAC-IGZO) has a composition inwhich materials are separated into indium oxide (hereinafter, InO_(X1)(X1 is a real number greater than 0)) or indium zinc oxide (hereinafter,In_(X2)Zn_(Y2)O_(Z2) (X2, Y2, and Z2 are real numbers greater than 0))and gallium oxide (hereinafter, GaO_(X3) (X3 is a real number greaterthan 0)) or gallium zinc oxide (hereinafter, Ga_(X4)Zn_(Y4)O_(Z4) (X4,Y4, and Z4 are real numbers greater than 0)), for example, so that amosaic pattern is formed, and mosaic-like InO_(X1) orIn_(X2)Zn_(Y2)O_(Z2) is evenly distributed in the film (which ishereinafter also referred to as cloud-like).

That is, the CAC-OS is a composite metal oxide having a composition inwhich a region including GaO_(X3) as a main component and a regionincluding In_(X2)Zn_(Y2)O_(Z2) or InO_(X1) as a main component aremixed. Note that in this specification, for example, when the atomicratio of In to an element Min a first region is larger than the atomicratio of In to the element Min a second region, the first region isregarded as having a higher In concentration than the second region.

Note that IGZO is a commonly known name and sometimes refers to onecompound formed of In, Ga, Zn, and O. A typical example is a crystallinecompound represented by InGaO₃(ZnO)_(m1) (m1 is a natural number) orIn_((1+x0))Ga_((1−x0))O₃(ZnO)_(m0) (−1≤x0≤1; m0 is a given number).

The above crystalline compound has a single crystal structure, apolycrystalline structure, or a CAAC (c-axis aligned crystal) structure.Note that the CAAC structure is a crystal structure in which a pluralityof IGZO nanocrystals have c-axis alignment and are connected in the a-bplane direction without alignment.

On the other hand, the CAC-OS relates to the material composition of ametal oxide. The CAC-OS refers to a composition in which, in thematerial composition containing In, Ga, Zn, and O, some regions thatinclude Ga as a main component and are observed as nanoparticles andsome regions that include In as a main component and are observed asnanoparticles are randomly dispersed in a mosaic pattern. Therefore, thecrystal structure is a secondary element for the CAC-OS.

Note that the CAC-OS is regarded as not including a stacked-layerstructure of two or more kinds of films with different compositions. Forexample, a two-layer structure of a film including In as a maincomponent and a film including Ga as a main component is not included.

Note that a clear boundary cannot sometimes be observed between theregion including GaO_(X3) as a main component and the region includingIn_(X2)Zn_(Y2)O_(Z2) or InO_(X1) as a main component.

Note that in the case where one kind or a plurality of kinds selectedfrom aluminum, yttrium, copper, vanadium, beryllium, boron, silicon,titanium, iron, nickel, germanium, zirconium, molybdenum, lanthanum,cerium, neodymium, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, magnesium, and the likeare contained instead of gallium, the CAC-OS refers to a composition inwhich some regions that include the metal element(s) as a main componentand are observed as nanoparticles and some regions that include In as amain component and are observed as nanoparticles are randomly dispersedin a mosaic pattern.

The CAC-OS can be formed by a sputtering method under a condition wherea substrate is not heated intentionally, for example. Moreover, in thecase of forming the CAC-OS by a sputtering method, any one or moreselected from an inert gas (typically, argon), an oxygen gas, and anitrogen gas are used as a film formation gas. Furthermore, the ratio ofthe flow rate of an oxygen gas to the total flow rate of the filmformation gas at the time of film formation is preferably as low aspossible, and for example, the ratio of the flow rate of the oxygen gasis preferably higher than or equal to 0% and lower than 30%, furtherpreferably higher than or equal to 0% and lower than or equal to 10%.

The CAC-OS is characterized in that no clear peak is observed inmeasurement using θ/2θ scan by an Out-of-plane method, which is one ofX-ray diffraction (XRD) measurement methods. That is, it is found fromthe X-ray diffraction measurement that no alignment in the a-b planedirection and the c-axis direction is observed in a measured region.

In addition, in an electron diffraction pattern of the CAC-OS which isobtained by irradiation with an electron beam with a probe diameter of 1nm (also referred to as a nanobeam electron beam), a ring-likehigh-luminance region and a plurality of bright spots in the ring regionare observed. It is therefore found from the electron diffractionpattern that the crystal structure of the CAC-OS includes an nc(nano-crystal) structure with no alignment in the plan-view directionand the cross-sectional direction.

Moreover, for example, it can be checked by EDX mapping obtained usingenergy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) that the CAC-OS in theIn—Ga—Zn oxide has a composition in which regions including GaO_(X3) asa main component and regions including In_(X2)Zn_(Y2)O_(Z2) or InO_(X1)as a main component are unevenly distributed and mixed.

The CAC-OS has a composition different from that of an IGZO compound inwhich the metal elements are evenly distributed, and has characteristicsdifferent from those of the IGZO compound. That is, the CAC-OS has acomposition in which regions including GaO_(X3) or the like as a maincomponent and regions including In_(X2)Zn_(Y2)O_(Z2) or InO_(X1) as amain component are phase-separated from each other and form a mosaicpattern.

Here, a region including In_(X2)Zn_(Y2)O_(Z2) or InO_(X1) as a maincomponent is a region whose conductivity is higher than that of a regionincluding GaO_(X3) or the like as a main component. In other words, whencarriers flow through the regions including In_(X2)Zn_(Y2)O_(Z2) orInO_(X1) as a main component, the conductivity of an oxide semiconductoris exhibited. Accordingly, when the regions includingIn_(X2)Zn_(Y2)O_(Z2) or InO_(X1) as a main component are distributed inan oxide semiconductor like a cloud, high field-effect mobility (μ) canbe achieved.

By contrast, a region including GaO_(X3) or the like as a main componentis a region whose insulating property is higher than that of a regionincluding In_(X2)Zn_(Y2)O_(Z2) or InO_(X1) as a main component. In otherwords, when regions including GaO_(X3) or the like as a main componentare distributed in an oxide semiconductor, leakage current can besuppressed and favorable switching operation can be achieved.

Accordingly, when the CAC-OS is used for a semiconductor element, theinsulating property derived from GaO_(X3) or the like and theconductivity derived from In_(X2)Zn_(Y2)O_(Z2) or InO_(X1) complementeach other, whereby a high on-state current (Ion) and high field-effectmobility (μ) can be achieved.

Moreover, a semiconductor element using the CAC-OS has high reliability.Thus, the CAC-OS is most suitable for a variety of semiconductor devicessuch as display panels.

This embodiment can be combined with other embodiments as appropriate.

Embodiment 3

In this embodiment, a structure of a display device of one embodiment ofthe present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 9.

FIG. 9 is a view showing the structure of the display device of oneembodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9(A) is a block diagram of thedisplay device of one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9(B-1)to FIG. 9(B-3) are projection views explaining the appearance of thedisplay device of one embodiment of the present invention.

<Structure Example of Display Device>

The display device described in this embodiment includes the controlportion 238 and the display panel 700 (see FIG. 9(A)).

<<Structure Example of Control Portion 238>>

The control portion 238 is supplied with the image data V1 and thecontrol data CI. For example, a clock signal, a timing signal, or thelike can be used as the control data CI.

The control portion 238 generates the data V11 on the basis of the imagedata V1 and generates the control signal SP on the basis of the controldata CI. The control portion 238 supplies the data V11 and the controlsignal SP. The data V11 includes a grayscale of 8 bits or more,preferably 12 bits or more, for example. For example, a clock signal, astart pulse, or the like of a shift register used for a driver circuitcan be used as the control signal SP.

Specifically, the control portion 238 includes a control circuit 233, adecompression circuit 234, and an image processing circuit 235.

<<Control Circuit 233>>

The control circuit 233 has a function of generating and supplying thecontrol signal SP.

The control circuit 233 has a function of supplying the control signalSP. For example, a clock signal, a timing signal, or the like can beused as the control signal SP.

A timing controller can be used as the control circuit 233, for example.

<<Decompression Circuit 234>>

The decompression circuit 234 has a function of decompressing the imagedata V1 supplied in a compressed state. The decompression circuit 234includes a memory portion. The memory portion has a function of storingdecompressed image data, for example.

<<Image Processing Circuit 235>>

The image processing circuit 235 includes a memory region, for example.The memory region has a function of storing data included in the imagedata V1, for example.

The image processing circuit 235 has a function of generating the dataV11 by correcting the image data V1 on the basis of a predeterminedcharacteristic curve and a function of supplying the data V11, forexample.

<<Structure Example of Display Panel>>

The display panel 700 is supplied with the data V11 and the controlsignal SP. The driver circuit operates on the basis of the controlsignal SP, and the pixel 702(i, j) performs display on the basis of thedata V11.

For example, the display panel described in Embodiment 1 can be used.

For example, the driving portion SD is supplied with the control signalSP and the data V11 and supplies the first signal and the second signal.In addition, the driving portion GD is supplied with the control signalSP and supplies the first selection signal and the second selectionsignal.

Using the control signal SP enables a synchronized operation of thedriving portion SD and the driving portion GD.

Note that the control circuit 233 can be included in the display panel.For example, the control circuit 233 mounted on a rigid substrate can beused for the display panel. Specifically, the control circuit 233mounted on the rigid substrate can be electrically connected to thedriver circuit with the use of a flexible printed circuit.

Thus, the image data can be displayed using the display element. As aresult, a novel display device that is highly convenient or reliable canbe provided. Alternatively, for example, a television receiver system(see FIG. 9(B-1)), a video monitor (see FIG. 9(B-2)), a laptop computer(see FIG. 9(B-3)), or the like can be provided.

Note that this embodiment can be combined with other embodiments in thisspecification as appropriate.

Embodiment 4

In this embodiment, a structure of an input/output device of oneembodiment of the present invention will be described with reference toFIG. 10.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing the structure of the input/outputdevice of one embodiment of the present invention.

<Structure Example of Input/Output Device>

The input/output device described in this embodiment includes the inputportion 240 and the display portion 230 (see FIG. 10).

<<Display Portion 230>>

For example, the display panel 700 described in Embodiment 1 can be usedfor the display portion 230. Note that a structure including the inputportion 240 and the display portion 230 can be referred to as aninput/output panel 700TP.

<<Structure Example 1 of Input Portion 240>>

The input portion 240 includes the sensing region 241. The input portion240 has a function of sensing an object approaching the sensing region241.

The sensing region 241 includes a region overlapping with the pixel702(i, j).

Thus, the object approaching the region overlapping with the displayportion can be sensed while image data is displayed by the displayportion. Alternatively, a finger or the like that approaches the displayportion can be used as a pointer to input positional data.Alternatively, positional data can be associated with image datadisplayed on the display portion. As a result, a novel input/outputdevice that is highly convenient or reliable can be provided.

<<Structure Example 2 of Input Portion 240>>

The input portion 240 can include an oscillation circuit OSC and asensing circuit DC (see FIG. 10).

<<Sensing Region 241>>

The sensing region 241 includes one or more sensing elements, forexample.

The sensing region 241 includes a group of sensing elements 775(g, 1) to775(g, q) and a different group of sensing elements 775(1, h) to 775(p,h). Note that g is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less thanor equal to p, h is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less thanor equal to q, and p and q are each an integer greater than or equal to1.

The group of sensing elements 775(g, 1) to 775(g, q) include a sensingelement 775(g, h) and are provided in the row direction (the directionindicated by an arrow R2 in the drawing). Note that the directionindicated by the arrow R2 may be the same as or different from thedirection indicated by the arrow R1.

The different group of sensing elements 775(1, h) to 775(p, h) includethe sensing element 775(g, h) and are provided in the column direction(the direction indicated by an arrow C2 in the drawing) that intersectsthe row direction.

<<Sensing Element>>

The sensing element has a function of sensing an approaching pointer.For example, a finger, a stylus pen, or the like can be used as thepointer. For example, a piece of metal, a coil, or the like can be usedfor the stylus pen.

Specifically, a capacitive proximity sensor, an electromagneticinductive proximity sensor, an optical proximity sensor, a resistiveproximity sensor, or the like can be used as the sensing element.

A plurality of types of sensing elements can be used in combination. Forexample, a sensing element that senses a finger and a sensing elementthat senses a stylus pen can be used in combination.

This allows determination of the kind of a pointer. Alternatively,different instructions can be associated with pieces of sensing datadepending on the kind of a pointer that has been determined.Specifically, in the case where it is determined that a finger is usedas a pointer, sensing data can be associated with a gesture.Alternatively, in the case where it is determined that a stylus pen isused as a pointer, sensing data can be associated with drawingprocessing.

Specifically, a capacitive proximity sensor or an optical proximitysensor can be used to sense a finger. Alternatively, an electromagneticinductive proximity sensor or an optical proximity sensor can be used tosense a stylus pen.

Note that this embodiment can be combined with other embodiments in thisspecification as appropriate.

Embodiment 5

In this embodiment, a structure of a data processing device of oneembodiment of the present invention will be described with reference toFIG. 11 to FIG. 13.

FIG. 11(A) is a block diagram showing the structure of the dataprocessing device of one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11(B)and FIG. 11(C) are projection views showing examples of the appearanceof the data processing device.

FIG. 12 is a flow chart showing a program of one embodiment of thepresent invention. FIG. 12(A) is a flow chart showing main processing ofthe program of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 12(B)is a flow chart showing interrupt processing.

FIG. 13 shows the program of one embodiment of the present invention.FIG. 13(A) is a flow chart showing interrupt processing of the programof one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13(B) is a schematicview showing operation of the data processing device, and FIG. 13(C) isa timing chart showing operation of the data processing device of oneembodiment of the present invention.

<Structure Example 1 of Data Processing Device>

A data processing device described in this embodiment includes anarithmetic device 210 and an input/output device 220 (see FIG. 11(A)).Note that the input/output device is electrically connected to thearithmetic device 210. A data processing device 200 can also include ahousing (see FIG. 11(B) or FIG. 11(C)).

<<Structure Example 1 of Arithmetic Device 210>>

The arithmetic device 210 is supplied with the input data II or thesensing data DS. The arithmetic device 210 supplies the control data CIand the image data V1.

The arithmetic device 210 includes an arithmetic portion 211 and amemory portion 212. The arithmetic device 210 includes a transmissionpath 214 and an input/output interface 215.

The transmission path 214 is electrically connected to the arithmeticportion 211, the memory portion 212, and the input/output interface 215.

<<Arithmetic Portion 211>>

The arithmetic portion 211 has a function of executing a program, forexample.

<<Memory Portion 212>>

The memory portion 212 has a function of storing, for example, theprogram executed by the arithmetic portion 211, initial data, settingdata, an image, or the like.

Specifically, a hard disk, a flash memory, a memory using a transistorincluding an oxide semiconductor, or the like can be used.

<<Input/Output Interface 215 and Transmission Path 214>>

The input/output interface 215 includes a terminal or a wiring and has afunction of supplying data and being supplied with data. Theinput/output interface 215 can be electrically connected to thetransmission path 214, for example. The input/output interface 215 canalso be electrically connected to the input/output device 220.

The transmission path 214 includes a wiring and has a function ofsupplying data and being supplied with data. The transmission path 214can be electrically connected to the input/output interface 215, forexample. The transmission path 214 can also be electrically connected tothe arithmetic portion 211, the memory portion 212, or the input/outputinterface 215.

<<Structure Example of Input/Output Device 220>>

The input/output device 220 supplies the input data II and the sensingdata DS. The input/output device 220 is supplied with the control dataCI and the image data V1 (see FIG. 11(A)).

As the input data II, for example, a scan code of a keyboard, positionaldata, operation data of buttons, sound data, image data, or the like canbe used. Alternatively, for example, illuminance data, attitude data,acceleration data, bearing data, pressure data, temperature data,humidity data, or the like of an environment where the data processingdevice 200 is used, or the like can be used as the sensing data DS.

As the control data CI, for example, a signal controlling the luminanceof display of the image data V1, a signal controlling the chroma ofdisplay of the image data V1, or a signal controlling the hue of displayof the image data V1 can be used. Alternatively, a signal that changesdisplay of part of the image data V1 can be used as the control data CI.

The input/output device 220 includes the display portion 230, the inputportion 240, and a sensing portion 250. For example, the input/outputdevice described in Embodiment 4 can be used.

The display portion 230 displays the image data V1 on the basis of thecontrol data CI.

The input portion 240 generates the input data II.

The sensing portion 250 generates the sensing data DS.

<<Display Portion 230>>

The display portion 230 has a function of displaying an image on thebasis of the image data V1. The display portion 230 has a function ofdisplaying an image on the basis of the control data CI.

The display portion 230 includes the control portion 238, a drivercircuit GD, a driver circuit SD, and the display panel 700 (see FIG. 9).For example, the display device described in Embodiment 3 can be usedfor the display portion 230.

<<Input Portion 240>>

The input portion 240 has a function of supplying positional data P1. Avariety of human interfaces or the like can be used for the inputportion 240 (see FIG. 11(A)).

For example, a keyboard, a mouse, a touch sensor, a microphone, acamera, or the like can be used as the input portion 240. Note that atouch sensor including a region overlapping with the display portion 230can be used. An input/output device including the display portion 230and a touch sensor including a region overlapping with the displayportion 230 can be referred to as a touch panel or a touch screen.

A user can make various gestures (tap, drag, swipe, pinch in, and thelike) using his/her finger touching the touch panel as a pointer, forexample.

The arithmetic device 210, for example, analyzes data on the position,path, or the like of the finger in contact with the touch panel and candetermine that a predetermined gesture is supplied when the analysisresults meet predetermined conditions. Thus, the user can supply apredetermined operation instruction associated with the predeterminedgesture in advance by using the gesture.

For instance, the user can supply a “scroll instruction” for changingthe display position of image data by using a gesture of moving thefinger in contact with the touch panel along the touch panel.

<<Sensing Portion 250>>

The sensing portion 250 has a function of supplying the sensing data DS.The sensing portion 250 has a function of sensing the illuminance of theenvironment where the data processing device 200 is used and a functionof supplying illuminance data, for example.

The sensing portion 250 has a function of sensing the ambient conditionsand supplying the sensing data. Specifically, the sensing portion 250can supply illuminance data, attitude data, acceleration data, bearingdata, pressure data, temperature data, humidity data, or the like.

For example, a photosensor, an attitude sensor, an acceleration sensor,a direction sensor, a GPS (Global positioning System) signal receivingcircuit, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, acamera, or the like can be used as the sensing portion 250.

<<Communication Portion 290>>

A communication portion 290 has a function of supplying data to anetwork and obtaining data from the network.

<<Housing>>

Note that the housing has a function of storing the input/output device220 or the arithmetic device 210. Alternatively, the housing has afunction of supporting the display portion 230 or the arithmetic device210.

Thus, the data processing device can determine the intensity of lightreceived by the housing of the data processing device and operate underthe usage environment of the data processing device. Alternatively, auser of the data processing device can select a display method. As aresult, a novel data processing device that is highly convenient orreliable can be provided.

Note that in some cases, these components cannot be clearlydistinguished from each other and one component may also serve asanother component or include part of another component. For example, atouch panel in which a touch sensor overlaps with a display panel is aninput portion as well as a display portion.

<<Structure Example 2 of Arithmetic Device 210>>

The arithmetic device 210 includes an artificial intelligence portion213 (see FIG. 11(A)). The artificial intelligence portion 213 generatesthe control data CI on the basis of the input data II or the sensingdata DS.

[Natural Language Processing on Input Data II]

Specifically, the artificial intelligence portion 213 can performnatural language processing on the input data II to extract one featurefrom the whole input data II. For example, the artificial intelligenceportion 213 can infer emotion or the like put in the input data II,which can be a feature. The artificial intelligence portion 213 caninfer the color, design, font, or the like empirically felt suitable forthe feature. The artificial intelligence portion 213 can generate dataspecifying the color, design, or font of a letter or data specifying thecolor or design of the background, and the data can be used as thecontrol data CI.

Specifically, the artificial intelligence portion 213 can performnatural language processing on the input data II to extract some wordsincluded in the input data II. For example, the artificial intelligenceportion 213 can extract expressions including a grammatical error, afactual error, emotion, and the like. The artificial intelligenceportion 213 can generate the control data CI for display of extractedpart in the color, design, font, or the like different from those ofanother part, and the data can be used as the control data CI.

[Image Processing on Input Data II]

Specifically, the artificial intelligence portion 213 can perform imageprocessing on the input data II to extract one feature from the inputdata II. For example, the artificial intelligence portion 213 can inferthe age where an image of the input data II is taken, whether the imageis taken indoors or outdoors, whether the image is taken in the daytimeor at night, or the like, which can be a feature. The artificialintelligence portion 213 can infer the color tone empirically feltsuitable for the feature and generate the control data CI for use of thecolor tone for display. Specifically, data specifying color (e.g., fullcolor, monochrome, or sepia) used for expression of a gradation can beused as the control data CI.

Specifically, the artificial intelligence portion 213 can perform imageprocessing on the input data II to extract some images included in theinput data II. For example, the artificial intelligence portion 213 cangenerate the control data CI for display of a boundary between extractedpart of the image and another part. Specifically, the artificialintelligence portion 213 can generate the control data CI for display ofa rectangle surrounding the extracted part of the image.

[Inference Using Sensing Data DS]

Specifically, the artificial intelligence portion 213 can generate aninference RI with the use of the sensing data DS as data IN.Alternatively, the artificial intelligence portion 213 can generate thecontrol data CI on the basis of the inference RI so that the user of thedata processing device 200 can feel comfortable.

Specifically, the artificial intelligence portion 213 can generate thecontrol data CI for adjustment of display brightness on the basis of theambient illuminance or the like so that the display brightness can befelt comfortable. Alternatively, the artificial intelligence portion 213can generate the control data CI for adjustment of volume on the basisof the ambient noise or the like so that the volume can be feltcomfortable.

As the control data CI, a clock signal, a timing signal, or the likethat is supplied to the control portion 238 included in the displayportion 230 can be used. Alternatively, a clock signal, a timing signal,or the like that is supplied to a control portion 248 included in theinput portion 240 can be used as the control data CI.

<Structure Example 3 of Data Processing Device>

Another structure of the data processing device of one embodiment of thepresent invention is described with reference to FIG. 12(A) and FIG.12(B).

<<Program>>

The program of one embodiment of the present invention has the followingsteps (see FIG. 12(A)).

[First Step]

In a first step, setting is initialized (see (S1) in FIG. 12(A)).

For example, predetermined image data which is to be displayed onstart-up and data for determining a predetermined mode of displaying theimage data and a predetermined display method for displaying the imagedata are acquired from the memory portion 212. Specifically, one stillimage data or another moving image data can be used as the predeterminedimage data. Furthermore, a first mode or a second mode can be used asthe predetermined mode.

[Second Step]

In a second step, interrupt processing is allowed (see (S2) in FIG.12(A)). Note that an arithmetic device allowed to execute the interruptprocessing can perform the interrupt processing in parallel with themain processing. The arithmetic device that has returned from theinterrupt processing to the main processing can reflect the resultsobtained through the interrupt processing in the main processing.

The arithmetic device may execute the interrupt processing when acounter has an initial value, and the counter may be set at a valueother than the initial value when the arithmetic device returns from theinterrupt processing. Thus, the interrupt processing can always followthe start-up of the program.

[Third Step]

In a third step, image data is displayed by a predetermined mode or apredetermined display method selected in the first step or the interruptprocessing (see (S3) in FIG. 12(A)). Note that the predetermined modedetermines a mode of displaying the data, and the predetermined displaymethod determines a method for displaying the image data. For example,the image data V1 can be used as data to be displayed.

One method for displaying the image data V1 can be associated with thefirst mode, for example. Alternatively, another method for displayingthe image data V1 can be associated with the second mode. Thus, adisplay method can be selected on the basis of the selected mode.

<<First Mode>>

Specifically, a method for supplying selection signals to a scan line ata frequency of 30 Hz or higher, preferably 60 Hz or higher, andperforming display on the basis of the selection signals can beassociated with the first mode.

For example, when selection signals are supplied at a frequency of 30 Hzor higher, preferably 60 Hz or higher, the movement of a moving imagecan be smoothly displayed.

For example, when an image is refreshed at a frequency of 30 Hz orhigher, preferably 60 Hz or higher, an image that changes so as tosmoothly follow the user's operation can be displayed on the dataprocessing device 200 which is being operated by the user.

<<Second Mode>>

Specifically, a method for supplying selection signals to a scan line ata frequency lower than 30 Hz, preferably lower than 1 Hz, furtherpreferably less than once a minute, and performing display on the basisof the selection signals can be associated with the second mode.

The supply of selection signals at a frequency lower than 30 Hz,preferably lower than 1 Hz, further preferably less than once a minuteenables display with a flicker or flickering suppressed. Furthermore,the power consumption can be reduced.

For example, when the data processing device 200 is used for a clock,the display can be refreshed at a frequency of once a second, once aminute, or the like.

Note that when a light-emitting element is used as the display element,for example, the light-emitting element can be configured to emit lightin a pulsed manner so that image data is displayed. Specifically, anorganic EL element can be configured to emit light in a pulsed manner,and its afterglow can be used for display. The organic EL element hasexcellent frequency characteristics; thus, time for driving thelight-emitting element can be shortened, and thus the power consumptioncan be reduced in some cases. Alternatively, heat generation isinhibited; thus, the deterioration of the light-emitting element can besuppressed in some cases.

[Fourth Step]

In a fourth step, selection is performed such that the program proceedsto a fifth step when a termination instruction has been supplied (Yes),whereas the program proceeds to the third step when the terminationinstruction has not been supplied (No) (see (S4) in FIG. 12(A)).

For example, the termination instruction supplied in the interruptprocessing may be used for the determination.

[Fifth Step]

In the fifth step, the program terminates (see (S5) in FIG. 12(A)).

<<Interrupt Processing>>

The interrupt processing includes a sixth step to an eighth stepdescribed below (see FIG. 12(B)).

[Sixth Step]

In the sixth step, the illuminance of the environment where the dataprocessing device 200 is used is sensed using the sensing portion 250,for example (see (S6) in FIG. 12(B)). Note that color temperature orchromaticity of ambient light may be sensed instead of the illuminanceof the environment.

[Seventh Step]

In the seventh step, a display method is determined on the basis of thesensed illuminance data (see (S7) in FIG. 12(B)). For example, a displaymethod is determined such that the brightness of display is not too darkor too bright.

Note that in the case where the color temperature of the ambient lightor the chromaticity of the ambient light is sensed in the sixth step,the color of display may be adjusted.

[Eighth Step]

In the eighth step, the interrupt processing terminates (see (S8) inFIG. 12(B)).

<Structure Example 3 of Data Processing Device>

Another structure of the data processing device of one embodiment of thepresent invention is described with reference to FIG. 13.

FIG. 13(A) is a flow chart showing a program of one embodiment of thepresent invention. FIG. 13(A) is a flow chart showing interruptprocessing different from the interrupt processing shown in FIG. 12(B).

Note that the structure example 3 of the data processing device isdifferent from the interrupt processing described with reference to FIG.12(B) in that the interrupt processing includes a step of changing amode on the basis of a supplied predetermined event. Different portionswill be described in detail here, and refer to the above description forportions that can use similar structures.

<<Interrupt Processing>>

The interrupt processing includes a sixth step to an eighth stepdescribed below (see FIG. 13(A)).

[Sixth Step]

In the sixth step, the program proceeds to the seventh step when apredetermined event has been supplied (Yes), whereas the programproceeds to the eighth step when the predetermined event has not beensupplied (No) (see (U6) in FIG. 13(A)). For example, whether thepredetermined event is supplied in a predetermined period or not can beused as a condition. Specifically, the predetermined period can belonger than 0 seconds, and shorter than or equal to 5 seconds, shorterthan or equal to 1 second, or shorter than or equal to 0.5 seconds,preferably shorter than or equal to 0.1 seconds.

[Seventh Step]

In the seventh step, the mode is changed (see (U7) in FIG. 13(A)).Specifically, the second mode is selected in the case where the firstmode has been selected, and the first mode is selected in the case wherethe second mode has been selected.

For example, it is possible to change the display mode of a region thatis part of the display portion 230. Specifically, the display mode of aregion where one driver circuit in the display portion 230 including thedriver circuit GDA, the driver circuit GDB, and a driver circuit GDCsupplies a selection signal can be changed (see FIG. 13(B)).

For example, the display mode of the region where a selection signal issupplied from the driver circuit GDB can be changed when a predeterminedevent is supplied to the input portion 240 in a region overlapping withthe region where a selection signal is supplied from the driver circuitGDB (see FIG. 13(B) and FIG. 13(C)). Specifically, the frequency ofsupply of the selection signal from the driver circuit GDB can bechanged in accordance with a “tap” event supplied to a touch panel witha finger or the like.

A signal GCLK is a clock signal controlling the operation of the drivercircuit GDB, and a signal PWC1 and a signal PWC2 are pulse width controlsignals controlling the operation of the driver circuit GDB. The drivercircuit GDB supplies selection signals to a scan line G2(m+1) to a scanline G2(2 m) on the basis of the signal GCLK, the signal PWC1, thesignal PWC2, and the like.

Thus, for example, the driver circuit GDB can supply a selection signalwithout supply of selection signals from the driver circuit GDA and thedriver circuit GDC. Alternatively, the display of the region where aselection signal is supplied from the driver circuit GDB can berefreshed without any change in the display of regions where selectionsignals are supplied from the driver circuit GDA and the driver circuitGDC. Alternatively, power consumed by the driver circuits can bereduced.

[Eighth Step]

In the eighth step, the interrupt processing terminates (see (U8) inFIG. 13(A)). Note that in a period in which the main processing isexecuted, the interrupt processing may be repeatedly executed.

<<Predetermined Event>>

For example, it is possible to use events supplied using a pointingdevice such as a mouse, such as “click” and “drag”, and events suppliedto a touch panel with a finger or the like used as a pointer, such as“tap”, “drag”, and “swipe”.

For example, the position of a slide bar pointed by a pointer, the swipespeed, and the drag speed can be used to assign arguments to aninstruction associated with a predetermined event.

For example, data sensed by the sensing portion 250 is compared with apredetermined threshold value, and the compared results can be used forthe event.

Specifically, a pressure sensor or the like in contact with a button orthe like that is provided so as to be pushed in a housing can be usedfor the sensing portion 250.

<<Instruction Associated with Predetermined Event>>

For example, the termination instruction can be associated with apredetermined event.

For example, “page-turning instruction” for switching display from onedisplayed image data to another image data can be associated with apredetermined event. Note that an argument determining the page-turningspeed or the like, which is used when the “page-turning instruction” isexecuted, can be supplied using the predetermined event.

For example, “scroll instruction” for moving the display position ofdisplayed part of image data and displaying another part continuing fromthat part, or the like can be associated with a predetermined event.Note that an argument determining the moving speed of display, or thelike, which is used when the “scroll instruction” is executed, can besupplied using the predetermined event.

For example, an instruction for setting the display method, aninstruction for generating image data, or the like can be associatedwith a predetermined event. Note that an argument determining thebrightness of a generated image can be associated with a predeterminedevent. An argument determining the brightness of a generated image maybe determined on the basis of ambient brightness sensed by the sensingportion 250.

For example, an instruction for acquiring data distributed via a pushservice using the communication portion 290 or the like can beassociated with a predetermined event.

Note that positional data sensed by the sensing portion 250 may be usedfor the determination of the presence or absence of a qualification foracquiring data. Specifically, it may be determined that there is aqualification for acquiring data in the case of presence in apredetermined class room, school, conference room, company, building, orthe like or in a predetermined region. Thus, for example, educationalmaterials distributed in a classroom of a school, a university, or thelike can be received, so that the data processing device 200 can be usedas a schoolbook or the like (see FIG. 11(C)). Alternatively, materialsdistributed in a conference room in, for example, a company can bereceived and used for a conference material.

Note that this embodiment can be combined with other embodiments in thisspecification as appropriate.

Embodiment 6

In this embodiment, structures of a data processing device of oneembodiment of the present invention are described with reference to FIG.14 and FIG. 15. In this embodiment, structures of a data processingdevice of one embodiment of the present invention are described withreference to FIG. 14 and FIG. 15.

FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 are views showing structures of the data processingdevice of one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 14(A) is a blockdiagram of the data processing device, and FIGS. 14(B) to 14(E) areperspective views showing structures of the data processing device.FIGS. 15A to 15E are perspective views showing structures of the dataprocessing device.

<Data Processing Device>

A data processing device 5200B described in this embodiment includes anarithmetic device 5210 and an input/output device 5220 (see FIG. 14(A)).

The arithmetic device 5210 has a function of being supplied withoperation data and a function of supplying image data on the basis ofthe operation data.

The input/output device 5220 includes a display portion 5230, an inputportion 5240, a sensing portion 5250, and a communication portion 5290and has a function of supplying operation data and a function of beingsupplied with image data. The input/output device 5220 also has afunction of supplying sensing data, a function of supplyingcommunication data, and a function of being supplied with communicationdata.

The input portion 5240 has a function of supplying operation data. Forexample, the input portion 5240 supplies operation data on the basis ofoperation by a user of the data processing device 5200B.

Specifically, a keyboard, a hardware button, a pointing device, a touchsensor, an illuminance sensor, an imaging device, an audio input device,an eye-gaze input device, an attitude sensing device, or the like can beused as the input portion 5240.

The display portion 5230 includes a display panel and has a function ofdisplaying image data. For example, the display panel described inEmbodiment 1 can be used for the display portion 5230.

The sensing portion 5250 has a function of supplying sensing data. Forexample, the sensing portion 5250 has a function of sensing asurrounding environment where the data processing device is used andsupplying sensing data.

Specifically, an illuminance sensor, an imaging device, an attitudesensing device, a pressure sensor, a human motion sensor, or the likecan be used as the sensing portion 5250.

The communication portion 5290 has a function of being supplied withcommunication data and a function of supplying communication data. Forexample, the communication portion 5290 has a function of beingconnected to another electronic device or a communication networkthrough wireless communication or wired communication. Specifically, thecommunication portion 5290 has a function of wireless local area networkcommunication, telephone communication, or near field communication, forexample.

<<Structure Example 1 of Data Processing Device>>

For example, the display portion 5230 can have an outer shape along acylindrical column (see FIG. 14(B)). The data processing device has afunction of changing its display method in accordance with theilluminance of a usage environment. In addition, the data processingdevice has a function of changing the displayed content in response tosensed existence of a person. This allows the data processing device tobe provided on a column of a building, for example. The data processingdevice can display advertising, guidance, or the like. The dataprocessing device can be used for digital signage or the like.

<<Structure Example 2 of Data Processing Device>>

For example, the data processing device has a function of generatingimage data on the basis of the path of a pointer used by a user (seeFIG. 14(C)). Specifically, the display panel with a diagonal size of 20inches or longer, preferably 40 inches or longer, further preferably 55inches or longer can be used. Alternatively, a plurality of displaypanels can be arranged and used as one display region. Alternatively, aplurality of display panels can be arranged and used as a multiscreen.Thus, the data processing device can be used for an electronicblackboard, an electronic bulletin board, or digital signage, forexample.

<<Structure Example 3 of Data Processing Device>>

For example, the data processing device has a function of changing itsdisplay method in accordance with the illuminance of a usage environment(see FIG. 14(D)). Thus, for example, the power consumption of asmartwatch can be reduced. Alternatively, for example, a smartwatch candisplay an image so as to be suitably used even in an environment understrong external light, e.g., outdoors in fine weather.

<<Structure Example 4 of Data Processing Device>>

For example, the display portion 5230 has a surface gently curved alonga side surface of a housing (see FIG. 14(E)). The display portion 5230includes a display panel that can display an image on the front surface,the side surfaces, and the top surface, for example. Thus, for example,a mobile phone can display image data not only on its front surface butalso on its side surfaces and top surface.

<<Structure Example 5 of Data Processing Device>>

For example, the data processing device has a function of changing itsdisplay method in accordance with the illuminance of a usage environment(see FIG. 15(A)). Thus, the power consumption of a smartphone can bereduced. Alternatively, for example, a smartphone can display an imageso as to be suitably used even in an environment under strong externallight, e.g., outdoors in fine weather.

<<Structure Example 6 of Data Processing Device>>

For example, the data processing device has a function of changing itsdisplay method in accordance with the illuminance of a usage environment(see FIG. 15(B)). Accordingly, for example, a television system candisplay an image in such a manner that the television system can besuitably used even when irradiated with strong external light thatenters the room from the outside in fine weather.

<<Structure Example 7 of Data Processing Device>>

For example, the data processing device has a function of changing itsdisplay method in accordance with the illuminance of a usage environment(see FIG. 15(C)). Thus, for example, a tablet computer can display animage so as to be suitably used even in an environment under strongexternal light, e.g., outdoors in fine weather.

<<Structure Example 8 of Data Processing Device>>

For example, the data processing device has a function of changing itsdisplay method in accordance with the illuminance of a usage environment(see FIG. 15(D)). Accordingly, for example, a digital camera can displaya subject in such a manner that an image is favorably viewed even in anenvironment under strong external light, e.g., outdoors in fine weather.

<<Structure Example 9 of Data Processing Device>>

For example, the data processing device has a function of changing itsdisplay method in accordance with the illuminance of a usage environment(see FIG. 15(E)). Accordingly, for example, a personal computer candisplay an image so as to be suitably used even in an environment understrong external light, e.g., outdoors in fine weather.

Note that this embodiment can be combined with other embodiments in thisspecification as appropriate.

In the case where there is an explicit description, X and Y areconnected, in this specification and the like, for example, the casewhere X and Y are electrically connected, the case where X and Y arefunctionally connected, and the case where X and Y are directlyconnected are disclosed in this specification and the like. Accordingly,without being limited to a predetermined connection relation, forexample, a connection relation shown in drawings or texts, a connectionrelation other than one shown in drawings or texts is regarded as beingdisclosed in the drawings or the texts.

Here, X and Y each denote an object (e.g., a device, an element, acircuit, a wiring, an electrode, a terminal, a conductive film, or alayer).

Examples of the case where X and Y are directly connected include thecase where an element that allows an electrical connection between X andY (e.g., a switch, a transistor, a capacitor, an inductor, a resistor, adiode, a display element, a light-emitting element, and a load) is notconnected between X and Y, and the case where X and Y are connectedwithout the element that allows the electrical connection between X andY (e.g., a switch, a transistor, a capacitor, an inductor, a resistor, adiode, a display element, a light-emitting element, and a load) providedtherebetween.

For example, in the case where X and Y are electrically connected, oneor more elements that allow an electrical connection between X and Y(e.g., a switch, a transistor, a capacitor, an inductor, a resistor, adiode, a display element, a light-emitting element, and a load) can beconnected between X and Y. Note that a switch has a function of beingcontrolled to be turned on or off. That is, a switch has a function ofbeing in a conduction state (on state) or a non-conduction state (offstate) to control whether or not current flows. Alternatively, theswitch has a function of selecting and changing a current path. Notethat the case where X and Y are electrically connected includes the casewhere X and Y are directly connected.

An example of the case where X and Y are functionally connected is thecase where one or more circuits that allow functional connection betweenX and Y (for example, a logic circuit (an inverter, a NAND circuit, aNOR circuit, or the like), a signal converter circuit (a DA convertercircuit, an AD converter circuit, a gamma correction circuit, or thelike), a potential level converter circuit (a power supply circuit (forexample, a step-up circuit, a step-down circuit, or the like), a levelshifter circuit for changing the potential level of a signal, or thelike), a voltage source, a current source, a switching circuit, anamplifier circuit (a circuit capable of increasing signal amplitude, theamount of current, or the like, an operational amplifier, a differentialamplifier circuit, a source follower circuit, a buffer circuit, or thelike), a signal generator circuit, a memory circuit, a control circuit,or the like) can be connected between X and Y. For example, even whenanother circuit is interposed between X and Y, X and Y are functionallyconnected when a signal output from X is transmitted to Y. Note that thecase where X and Y are functionally connected includes the case where Xand Y are directly connected and the case where X and Y are electricallyconnected.

Note that in the case where there is an explicit description, X and Yare electrically connected, the case where X and Y are electricallyconnected (i.e., the case where X and Y are connected with anotherelement or another circuit provided therebetween), the case where X andY are functionally connected (i.e., the case where X and Y arefunctionally connected with another circuit provided therebetween), andthe case where X and Y are directly connected (i.e., the case where Xand Y are connected without another element or another circuit providedtherebetween) are disclosed in this specification and the like. That is,in the case where there is an explicit description, being electricallyconnected, the same contents as the case where there is only an explicitdescription, being connected, are disclosed in this specification andthe like.

Note that, for example, the case where a source (or a first terminal orthe like) of a transistor is electrically connected to X through (or notthrough) Z1 and a drain (or a second terminal or the like) of thetransistor is electrically connected to Y through (or not through) Z2,or the case where a source (or a first terminal or the like) of atransistor is directly connected to one part of Z1 and another part ofZ1 is directly connected to X while a drain (or a second terminal or thelike) of the transistor is directly connected to one part of Z2 andanother part of Z2 is directly connected to Y can be expressed asfollows.

Examples of the expressions include, “X, Y, a source (or a firstterminal or the like) of a transistor, and a drain (or a second terminalor the like) of the transistor are electrically connected to each other,and X, the source (or the first terminal or the like) of the transistor,the drain (or the second terminal or the like) of the transistor, and Yare electrically connected to each other in this order”, “a source (or afirst terminal or the like) of a transistor is electrically connected toX, a drain (or a second terminal or the like) of the transistor iselectrically connected to Y, and X, the source (or the first terminal orthe like) of the transistor, the drain (or the second terminal or thelike) of the transistor, and Y are electrically connected to each otherin this order”, and “X is electrically connected to Y through a source(or a first terminal or the like) and a drain (or a second terminal orthe like) of a transistor, and X, the source (or the first terminal orthe like) of the transistor, the drain (or the second terminal or thelike) of the transistor, and Y are provided to be connected in thisorder”. When the connection order in a circuit configuration is definedby an expression similar to the above examples, a source (or a firstterminal or the like) and a drain (or a second terminal or the like) ofa transistor can be distinguished from each other to specify thetechnical scope.

Other examples of the expressions include, “a source (or a firstterminal or the like) of a transistor is electrically connected to Xthrough at least a first connection path, the first connection path doesnot include a second connection path, the second connection path is apath through the transistor and between the source (or the firstterminal or the like) of the transistor and a drain (or a secondterminal or the like) of the transistor, the first connection path is apath through Z1, the drain (or the second terminal or the like) of thetransistor is electrically connected to Y through at least a thirdconnection path, the third connection path does not include the secondconnection path, and the third connection path is a path through Z2” and“a source (or a first terminal or the like) of a transistor iselectrically connected to X through Z1 by at least a first connectionpath, the first connection path does not include a second connectionpath, the second connection path includes a connection path through thetransistor, a drain (or a second terminal or the like) of the transistoris electrically connected to Y through Z2 by at least a third connectionpath, and the third connection path does not include the secondconnection path”. Still another example of the expression is “a source(or a first terminal or the like) of a transistor is electricallyconnected to X through Z1 by at least a first electrical path, the firstelectrical path does not include a second electrical path, the secondelectrical path is an electrical path from the source (or the firstterminal or the like) of the transistor to a drain (or a second terminalor the like) of the transistor, the drain (or the second terminal or thelike) of the transistor is electrically connected to Y through Z2 by atleast a third electrical path, the third electrical path does notinclude a fourth electrical path, and the fourth electrical path is anelectrical path from the drain (or the second terminal or the like) ofthe transistor to the source (or the first terminal or the like) of thetransistor”. When the connection path in a circuit configuration isdefined by an expression similar to the above examples, a source (or afirst terminal or the like) and a drain (or a second terminal or thelike) of a transistor can be distinguished from each other to specifythe technical scope.

Note that these expressions are examples and the expression is notlimited to these expressions. Here, X, Y, Z1, and Z2 denote an object(e.g., a device, an element, a circuit, a wiring, an electrode, aterminal, a conductive film, and a layer).

Even when independent components are electrically connected to eachother in a circuit diagram, one component has functions of a pluralityof components in some cases. For example, when part of a wiring alsofunctions as an electrode, one conductive film has functions of bothcomponents: a function of the wiring and a function of the electrode.Thus, “electrical connection” in this specification includes in itscategory such a case where one conductive film has functions of aplurality of components.

REFERENCE NUMERALS

C11: capacitor, C12: capacitor, CI: control data, DC21: driver circuit,DC22: driver circuit, DC23: driver circuit, DS: sensing data, G1 (i):scan line, G2(i): scan line, GCLK: signal, GDA: driver circuit, GDB:driver circuit, GDC: driver circuit, GD: driver circuit, II: input data,IN: data, KB1: structure body, LV1: level, LV2: level, LV3: level, LV4:level, LV5: level, LV6: level, N1(i, j): node, S1(j): signal line,S2(j): signal line, SD: driver circuit, SP: control signal, SW11:switch, SW12: switch, P1: positional data, PWC1: signal, PWC2: signal,V1: image data, V11: data, VCOM: potential, VN: potential, 200: dataprocessing device, 210: arithmetic device, 211: arithmetic portion, 212:memory portion, 213: artificial intelligence portion, 214: transmissionpath, 215: input/output interface, 220: input/output device, 230:display portion, 231: display region, 233: control circuit, 234:decompression circuit, 235: image processing circuit, 238: controlportion, 240: input portion, 241: sensing region, 248: control portion,250: sensing portion, 290: communication portion, 504: conductive film,506: insulating film, 508: semiconductor film, 512A: conductive film,512B: conductive film, 520: functional layer, 530: pixel circuit, 591A:connection portion, 700: display panel, 700TP: input/output panel, 702:pixel, 720: functional layer, 750: display element, 751: electrode, 752:electrode, 753: layer, 770: substrate, 770D: functional film, 770P:functional film, 771: insulating film, 775: sensing element, 5200B: dataprocessing device, 5210: arithmetic device, 5220: input/output device,5230: display portion, 5240: input portion, 5250: sensing portion, 5290:communication portion

1. A display panel comprising a pixel, wherein the pixel includes apixel circuit and a display element, wherein the pixel circuit includesa first switch, a node, a capacitor, and a second switch, wherein thefirst switch includes a first terminal to which a first signal issupplied, wherein the first switch includes a second terminalelectrically connected to the node, wherein the capacitor includes afirst terminal electrically connected to the node, wherein the secondswitch includes a first terminal to which a second signal is supplied,wherein the second switch includes a second terminal electricallyconnected to a second terminal of the capacitor, wherein the secondswitch is configured to change from a non-conducting state to aconducting state when the first switch is in a non-conducting state,wherein the second switch is configured to change from a conductingstate to a non-conducting state when the first switch is in anon-conducting state, and wherein the display element performs displayon the basis of a potential of the node.
 2. The display panel accordingto claim 1, further comprising a first driving portion, wherein thefirst driving portion supplies a first selection signal and a secondselection signal, wherein the first selection signal changes from asecond level to a first level in a period when the second selectionsignal is at a fourth level, wherein the second selection signal changesfrom the fourth level to a third level twice or more in a period whenthe first selection signal is at the first level, wherein the firstswitch is controlled on the basis of the first selection signal, whereinthe first switch is brought into a conducting state when the firstselection signal is at the second level, wherein the first switch isbrought into a non-conducting state when the first selection signal isat the first level, wherein the second switch is controlled on the basisof the second selection signal, wherein the second switch is broughtinto a conducting state when the second selection signal is at thefourth level, and wherein the second switch is brought into anon-conducting state when the second selection signal is at the thirdlevel.
 3. The display panel according to claim 2, wherein the pixelcircuit includes a first transistor, wherein the first transistorincludes a first semiconductor film, wherein the first driving portionincludes a second transistor, wherein the second transistor includes asecond semiconductor film, and wherein the second semiconductor film isformed through a same process as a process for forming the firstsemiconductor film.
 4. The display panel according to claim 2, furthercomprising a second driving portion, wherein the second driving portionsupplies the first signal and the second signal, wherein the secondsignal includes a first potential and a second potential, wherein thesecond signal changes from the first potential to the second potentialor from the second potential to the first potential when the firstselection signal is at the first level and the second selection signalis at the fourth level, and wherein the potential of the node changes onthe basis of a potential difference between the first potential and thesecond potential and the first signal.
 5. The display panel according toclaim 4, wherein the second driving portion includes a first drivercircuit and a second driver circuit, wherein the first driver circuitgenerates the first signal, and wherein the second driver circuitgenerates the second signal.
 6. The display panel according to claim 5,wherein the pixel circuit includes a first transistor, wherein the firsttransistor includes a first semiconductor film, wherein the seconddriver circuit includes a third transistor, wherein the third transistorincludes a third semiconductor film, and wherein the third semiconductorfilm is formed through the same process as the process for forming thefirst semiconductor film.
 7. The display panel according to claim 1,further comprising a display region, wherein the display region includesone group of pixels, a different group of pixels, a first scan line, asecond scan line, a first signal line, and a second signal line, whereinthe one group of pixels include the pixel, wherein the one group ofpixels are provided in a row direction, wherein the different group ofpixels include the pixel, wherein the different group of pixels areprovided in a column direction intersecting the row direction, whereinthe first scan line is electrically connected to the one group ofpixels, wherein the second scan line is electrically connected to theone group of pixels, wherein the first signal line is electricallyconnected to the different group of pixels, and wherein the secondsignal line is electrically connected to the different group of pixels.8. The display panel according to claim 7, further comprising a firstdriving portion and a second driving portion, wherein the second drivingportion includes a first driver circuit and a second driver circuit,wherein the display region is provided between the first driver circuitand the second driver circuit, wherein the first signal line iselectrically connected to the first driver circuit, and wherein thesecond signal line is electrically connected to the second drivercircuit.
 9. The display panel according to claim 8, wherein the seconddriving portion includes a third driver circuit, wherein the thirddriver circuit generates the second signal, wherein the display regionis provided between the second driver circuit and the third drivercircuit, and wherein the second signal line is electrically connected tothe third driver circuit.
 10. A display device comprising: the displaypanel according to claim 1; and a control portion, wherein image dataand control data are supplied to the control portion, wherein thecontrol portion generates data on the basis of the image data, whereinthe control portion generates a control signal on the basis of thecontrol data, wherein the control portion supplies the data and thecontrol signal, wherein the data and the control signal are supplied tothe display panel, wherein the display panel further comprises a firstdriving portion and a second driving portion, wherein the first drivingportion operates on the basis of the control signal, wherein the seconddriving portion operates on the basis of the control signal, and whereinthe pixel performs display on the basis of the data.
 11. An input/outputdevice comprising: an input portion; and a display portion, wherein thedisplay portion includes the display panel according to claim 1, whereinthe input portion includes a sensing region, wherein the input portionsenses an object approaching the sensing region, and wherein the sensingregion includes a region overlapping with the pixel.
 12. A dataprocessing device comprising: one or more of a keyboard, a hardwarebutton, a pointing device, a touch sensor, an illuminance sensor, animaging device, an audio input device, an eye-gaze input device, and anattitude detection device; and the display panel according to claim 1.13. A display panel comprising a pixel, wherein the pixel includes apixel circuit and a liquid crystal element, wherein the pixel circuitincludes a first switch, a node, a capacitor, and a second switch,wherein the first switch includes a first terminal to which a firstsignal is supplied, wherein the first switch includes a second terminalelectrically connected to the node, wherein the capacitor includes afirst terminal electrically connected to the node, wherein the secondswitch includes a first terminal to which a second signal is supplied,wherein the second switch includes a second terminal electricallyconnected to a second terminal of the capacitor, wherein the secondswitch is configured to change from a non-conducting state to aconducting state when the first switch is in a non-conducting state,wherein the second switch is configured to change from a conductingstate to a non-conducting state when the first switch is in anon-conducting state, and wherein the liquid crystal element performsdisplay on the basis of a potential of the node.